Cellular immune responses persist and humoral responses decrease two decades after recovery from a single-source outbreak of hepatitis C

10.1038/75063 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinobu Takaki ◽  
Manfred Wiese ◽  
Geert Maertens ◽  
Erik Depla ◽  
Ulrike Seifert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Cellular immune responses and occult infection in seronegative heterosexual partners of chronic hepatitis C patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. e541-e549 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Roque-Cuéllar ◽  
B. Sánchez ◽  
J. R. García-Lozano ◽  
J. M. Praena-Fernández ◽  
A. Núñez-Roldán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Occult Infection ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

scholarly journals Immune responses during gestational malaria: a review of the current knowledge and future trend of research

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
pp. 391-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Maestre ◽  
Jaime Carmona-Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Placental Malaria ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Maternal Infection ◽  
Variant Surface Antigens ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
First Child ◽  
Humoral Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Women pregnant with their first child are susceptible to severe P. falciparum disease from placental malaria because they lack immunity to placenta-specific cytoadherence proteins. In subsequent pregnancies, as immunity against placental parasites is acquired, there is a reduced risk of adverse effects of malaria on the mother and fetus and asymptomatic parasitaemia is common. In the case of vivax malaria, with increasing reports of severe cases in Asia and South America, the effects of infection by this species during pregnancy remain to be elucidated. This review summarized the main aspects involved in the acquisition of specific antimalarial immune responses during pregnancy with emphasis in research carried out in America and Asia, in order to offer a framework of interpretation for studies on pregnant women with malaria which are recently being produced in these regions. The authors conclude that (1) Effective humoral responses during gestational malaria are mainly directed against variant surface antigens codified by genes of the var2Csa family of P. falciparum; (2) Acquisition of immunity against these variant antigens depends on the degree and intensity of transmission, and the chance increases with age and successive pregnancies; (3) Antibody development is guided by specific cellular immune responses in cases of placental and maternal infection, and (4) The study of the significance of acquisition of specific immunity against both P. falciparum and P. vivax in America, should be performed.

scholarly journals Molecular and Immunological Significance of Chimpanzee Major Histocompatibility Complex Haplotypes for Hepatitis C Virus Immune Response and Vaccination Studies

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 6093-6103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eishiro Mizukoshi ◽  
Michelina Nascimbeni ◽  
Joshua B. Blaustein ◽  
Kathleen Mihalik ◽  
Charles M. Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Functional Homology ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACT The chimpanzee is a critical animal model for studying cellular immune responses to infectious pathogens such as hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, and malaria. Several candidate vaccines and immunotherapies for these infections aim at the induction or enhancement of cellular immune responses against viral epitopes presented by common human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles. To identify and characterize chimpanzee MHC class I molecules that are functionally related to human alleles, we sequenced 18 different Pan troglodytes (Patr) alleles of 14 chimpanzees, 2 of them previously unknown and 3 with only partially reported sequences. Comparative analysis of Patr binding pockets and binding assays with biotinylated peptides demonstrated a molecular homology between the binding grooves of individual Patr alleles and the common human alleles HLA-A1, -A2, -A3, and -B7. Using cytotoxic T cells isolated from the blood of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected chimpanzees, we then mapped the Patr restriction of these HCV peptides and demonstrated functional homology between the Patr-HLA orthologues in cytotoxicity and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) release assays. Based on these results, 21 HCV epitopes were selected to characterize the chimpanzees' cellular immune response to HCV. In each case, IFN-γ-producing T cells were detectable in the blood after but not prior to HCV infection and were specifically targeted against those HCV peptides predicted by Patr-HLA homology. This study demonstrates a close functional homology between individual Patr and HLA alleles and shows that HCV infection generates HCV peptides that are recognized by both chimpanzees and humans with Patr and HLA orthologues. These results are relevant for the design and evaluation of vaccines in chimpanzees that can now be selected according to the most frequent human MHC haplotypes.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus-specific cellular immune responses in individuals with no evidence of infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Rivière ◽  
Thomas Montange ◽  
Geneviève Janvier ◽  
Caroline Marnata ◽  
Ludovic Durrieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

EXPOSURE TO HEPATITIS C VIRUS INDUCES CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSES WITHOUT DETECTABLE VIREMIA OR SEROCONVERSION

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAGED AL-SHERBINY ◽  
AHMED OSMAN ◽  
SAYED F. ABDELWAHAB ◽  
G. THOMAS STRICKLAND ◽  
MOHAMED ABDEL-HAMID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals Cellular immune responses against hepatitis C virus: the evidence base 2002

2002 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. WARD ◽  
G. LAUER ◽  
R. ISBA ◽  
B. WALKER ◽  
P. KLENERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune
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