scholarly journals Does child survival limit family size?

Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 542 (7642) ◽  
pp. 414-414
Author(s):  
Malcolm Potts ◽  
Alisha Graves ◽  
Duff Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Limit Family Size

Differential paternity in Libya

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahjoub A. El-Faedy ◽  
Lee L. Bean
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
American Frontier ◽  
Fertility Limitation ◽  
Limit Family Size ◽  
Very High

SummaryLibya is one of the Middle East nations with very high fertility, and data from 1973 suggest the presence of a natural fertility regime marked by the absence of fertility limitation within marriage. Analysis of paternity data by occupation, however, identifies major differences in the level and pattern of childbearing. The Libyan data are compared with fertility and paternity data from an American frontier population to demonstrate that the general patterns observed are consistent with other natural fertility populations, while selected occupational groups may limit family size.

scholarly journals Determinant factors of under-five mortality in Southern Nations, Nationalities and People’s region (SNNPR), Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizachew Gobebo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Size At Birth

Abstract Background Child mortality is a key indicator of the performance of the health system of a nation. Impressive progress in the reduction of under-five mortality has been made in Ethiopia. However, still there are some regions where the under-five mortality rates are high. Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) is among those regions in Ethiopia with high under-five mortality rates. This study aimed to identify the determinant factors of under-five mortality in SNNPR. Methods Data used for the study were drawn from the 2016 EDHS. A total of 1277 under-five children were included in the study. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify determinant factors associated with under-five mortality. Results Children with second or third birth order (OR = 1.316, 95% CI: (1.097, 2.343)), fourth or fifth birth order (OR = 1.934, 95% CI: (1.678, 3.822)), sixth or above birth order (OR = 3.980, 95% CI: (2.352, 6.734)) were significantly associated with increased risk of under-five mortality as compared to those with first birth order. Increased risk of under-five mortality was also significantly associated with a family size of five or more (OR = 3.397, 95% CI: (1.702, 6.782)) as compared to the family size of less than five; smaller size at birth (OR = 1.714, 95% CI: (1.120, 2.623)) as compared to larger size at birth; multiple births (OR = 1.472, 95% CI: (1.289, 2.746)) as compared to singletons. On the other hand, female children (OR = 0.552, 95% CI: (0.327, 0.932)), children born at health institutions (OR = 0.449, 95% CI: (0.228, 0.681)) and children who were breastfed (OR = 0.657, 95% CI: (0.393, 0.864)) were significantly associated with decreased risk of under-five mortality as compared to male children, those born at home and those who were not breastfed respectively. Conclusions Sex of a child, birth order, size of a child at birth, place of delivery, birth type, breastfeeding status, and family size were significant factors associated with under-five mortality in SNNPR, Ethiopia. Thus, planning and implementing relevant strategies that focus on those identified determinant factors of under-five mortality is required for the improvement of child survival in SNNPR, Ethiopia.

Is There a Moral Obligation to Limit Family Size?

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Scott Wisor
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Limit Family Size

Although we have an important obligation to protect the environment, people are not morally required to choose to have smaller families for environmental reasons.

DESIRED FAMILY SIZE, FAMILY PLANNING AND FERTILITY IN ETHIOPIA

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALOK BHARGAVA
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Small Family Size ◽  
Dichotomous Variables ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
Limit Family Size

Summary.This paper models the proximate determinants of children born to over 13,000 Ethiopian women and of the women’s stated preferences for additional births using the data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2000. Empirical models for the number of children born to women were estimated using Poisson and ordinal regressions. The results show the importance of variables such as maternal education for smaller family size, and that variables reflecting desired family size are strong predictors of the numbers of children born to women. Secondly, binary logistic models for dichotomous variables for women not wanting more children and if getting pregnant would be a ‘big problem’ showed non-linear effects of the surviving and ‘ideal’ number of children. Moreover, the results indicated a desire on the part of women to limit family size, especially as the number of surviving children increased. Probit models were estimated to address potential endogeneity of certain variables. Overall, the results indicated that counselling couples about small family size and increasing the utilization of health care services can lower fertility in Ethiopia.

Childhood Memories and Contemporary Parenting in Ekiti, Nigeria

Africa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisha P. Renne
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Childhood Memories ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Young Parents ◽  
Child Fostering ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
History Of ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
Limit Family Size

AbstractThe practice of pawning children, whose labour served as interest paid on loans, was common in precolonial and early colonial Ekiti Yoruba society. Known as , these children would work for the lender until their kinsmen had repaid the debts they had incurred. British colonial officials came to view this practice as a form of slavery and eventually outlawed it. This paper considers the life history of one older man who worked as an in a small Ekiti Yoruba town, focusing on his memories of child-pawning and how this practice has been interpreted by his children. The paper then examines the process whereby people's changed thinking about the moral bases of pawning parallels contemporary reassessments of the practice of child-fostering by young parents, some of whom claim that it is ‘like slavery’. How subsequent generations of townspeople remember slavery, child-pawning and, more recently, child-fostering, have implications for reproduction, since what it means to have the number of children who can be ‘raised well’ may contribute to social and economic pressures to limit family size. This study of memories of pawning and child-fostering, which support reduced fertility, underscores the ways that distinctive historical experiences have had different consequences for how reproduction is perceived and practised.

FAMILY SIZE AND SEX PREFERENCES AND EVENTUAL FERTILITY IN BOTSWANA

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
EUGENE K. CAMPBELL ◽  
PUNI G. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Fertility Preferences ◽  
Sex Preferences ◽  
Future Fertility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Desired Family Size

Botswana is one of the sub-Saharan countries where actual fertility has declined. This study examines the fertility preferences of both men and women and shows that fertility intentions have a significant influence on future fertility behaviour. Fertility preferences are relatively low and there is no significant difference between those of men and women. Men's preference for sons influences desired family size and eventual fertility. For women as well as men, child survival is an important factor. Women's income is also influential.

Abortion experience among obstetric patients at Korle-Bu Hospital, Accra, Ghana

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Lamptey ◽  
Barbara Janowitz ◽  
Jason B. Smith ◽  
Cecil Klufio
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Limit Family Size

SummaryAmong obstetric patients with at least one previous pregnancy, over 20% reported having at least one induced abortion. Abortion experience was more common among women at lower gravidities and among women with the highest levels of education, suggesting that abortion is most used to delay the first birth, particularly for young women still at school. This is in contrast to the situation in Latin America where abortion is used most often to limit family size.The proportion of women who reported that they used contraception prior to the pregnancy was low, suggesting that knowledge of attitudes towards and availability of family planning services needs to be improved.

Resolving the debate over birth order, family size, and intelligence.

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Lee Rodgers ◽  
H. Harrington Cleveland ◽  
Edwin van den Oord ◽  
David C. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Size
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