Uproar at Oxford as suspended professor returns to work

I survey the male and female labor supply literatures, focusing on implications for effects of wages and taxes. For males, I describe and contrast results from three basic types of model: static models (especially those that account for nonlinear taxes), life-cycle models with savings, and life-cycle models with both savings and human capital. For women, more important distinctions are whether models include fixed costs of work, and whether they treat demographics like fertility and marriage (and human capital) as exogenous or endogenous. The literature is characterized by considerable controversy over the responsiveness of labor supply to changes in wages and taxes. At least for males, it is fair to say that most economists believe labor supply elasticities are small. But a sizable minority of studies that I examine obtain large values. Hence, there is no clear consensus on this point. In fact, a simple average of Hicks elasticities across all the studies I examine is 0.31. Several simulation studies have shown that such a value is large enough to generate large efficiency costs of income taxation. For males, I conclude that two factors drive many of the differences in results across studies. One factor is use of direct versus ratio wage measures, with studies that use the former tending to find larger elasticities. Another factor is the failure of most studies to account for human capital returns to work experience. I argue that this may lead to downward bias in elasticity estimates. In a model that includes human capital, I show how even modest elasticities—as conventionally measured—can be consistent with large efficiency costs of taxation. For women, in contrast, it is fair to say that most studies find large labor supply elasticities, especially on the participation margin. In particular, I find that estimates of “long-run” labor supply elasticities—by which I mean estimates that allow for dynamic effects of wages on fertility, marriage, education and work experience—are generally quite large. (JEL D91, J13, J16, J22, J31, H24)

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Returns to work after retirement: a prospective study of unretirement in the United Kingdom

Ageing and Society ◽

10.1017/s0144686x17000885 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 439-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

LORETTA G. PLATTS ◽

LAURIE M. CORNA ◽

DIANA WORTS ◽

PEGGY MCDONOUGH ◽

DEBORA PRICE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Later Life ◽

Subjective Assessment ◽

Full Time ◽

Paid Work ◽

Panel Survey ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Returns To Work ◽

Time Work ◽

Financial Need ◽

A Prospective Study

ABSTRACTDespite the complexity of the retirement process, most research treats it as an abrupt and one-way transition. Our study takes a different approach by examining retirement reversals (unretirement) and their predictors. Using the British Household Panel Survey (1991–2008), and following participants into Understanding Society (2010–2015), we undertake a survival analysis to investigate retirement reversals among Britons aged 50–69 years who were born in 1920–1959 (N = 2,046). Unretirement was defined as: (a) reporting being retired and subsequently recommencing paid employment, or (b) beginning full-time work following partial retirement (the latter defined here as reporting being retired and working fewer than 30 hours per week). A cumulative proportion of around 25 per cent of participants experienced a retirement reversal after reporting being retired; about half of these reversals occurred within the first five years of retirement. Unretirement was more common for participants who were male, more educated, in better health, owned a house with a mortgage (compared to owning it outright) and whose partner was in paid work. However, unretirement rates were not higher for participants in greater financial need, whether measured as subjective assessment of finances or household income quintiles. These results suggest that unretirement is a strategy more often used by those who are already advantaged and that it has the potential to exacerbate income inequalities in later life.

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Who Returns to Work After Heart Transplantation?

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation ◽

10.1016/j.healun.2005.08.006 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 2255-2261 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Connie White-Williams ◽

Anne Jalowiec ◽

Kathleen Grady

Keyword(s):

Heart Transplantation ◽

Returns To Work

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Factors Predicting Who Returns to Work One Year After Major Burn Injury

Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/00004630-200103002-00117 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. S105

Author(s):

G. F. Cromes ◽

R. Holavanahalli ◽

P. Helm ◽

K. Kowalske

Keyword(s):

Burn Injury ◽

Major Burn ◽

Returns To Work ◽

One Year

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Employees Sick-Listed with Mental Disorders: Who Returns to Work and When?

Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation ◽

10.1007/s10926-012-9363-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 409-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

C. A. M. Roelen ◽

G. Norder ◽

P. C. Koopmans ◽

W. van Rhenen ◽

J. J. L. van der Klink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Returns To Work

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A multiplex chemiluminescent immunoassay for serological profiling of COVID-19-positive symptomatic and asymptomatic patients

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-21040-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Allison N. Grossberg ◽

Lilia A. Koza ◽

Aurélie Ledreux ◽

Chad Prusmack ◽

Hari Krishnan Krishnamurthy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibody Responses ◽

Receptor Binding Domain ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

Returns To Work ◽

Adults And Children ◽

Serology Test ◽

Chemiluminescent Immunoassay ◽

Asymptomatic Individuals ◽

Multiplex Serology ◽

Insight Into

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic affects more than 81 million people worldwide with over 1.7 million deaths. As the population returns to work, it is critical to develop tests that reliably detect SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Here we present results from a multiplex serology test for assessing the antibody responses to COVID-19. In an initial large cohort, this test shows greater than 99% agreement with COVID-19 PCR test. In a second outpatient cohort consisting of adults and children in Colorado, the IgG responses are more robust in positive/symptomatic participants than in positive/asymptomatic participants, the IgM responses in symptomatic participants are transient and largely fall below the detection limit 30 days after symptom onset, and the levels of IgA against SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain are significantly increased in participants with moderate-to-severe symptoms compared to those with mild-to-moderate symptoms or asymptomatic individuals. Our results thus provide insight into serology profiling and the immune response to COVID-19.

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