Chemical model for Viking biology experiments: implications for the composition of the martian regolith

Nature ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 338 (6217) ◽  
pp. 633-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Plumb ◽  
Rewat Tantayanon ◽  
Mark Libby ◽  
Wen Wen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Model ◽  
Martian Regolith ◽  
Viking Biology

scholarly journals Perchlorate and Agriculture on Mars

Soil Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Christopher Oze ◽  
Joshua Beisel ◽  
Edward Dabsys ◽  
Jacqueline Dall ◽  
Gretchen North ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Metal Release ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Martian Regolith

Perchlorate (ClO4−) is globally enriched in Martian regolith at levels commonly toxic to plants. Consequently, perchlorate in Martian regolith presents an obstacle to developing agriculture on Mars. Here, we assess the effect of perchlorate at different concentrations on plant growth and germination, as well as metal release in a simulated Gusev Crater regolith and generic potting soil. The presence of perchlorate was uniformly detrimental to plant growth regardless of growing medium. Plants in potting soil were able to germinate in 1 wt.% perchlorate; however, these plants showed restricted growth and decreased leaf area and biomass. Some plants were able to germinate in regolith simulant without perchlorate; however, they showed reduced growth. In Martian regolith simulant, the presence of perchlorate prevented germination across all plant treatments. Soil column flow-through experiments of perchlorate-containing Martian regolith simulant and potting soil were unable to completely remove perchlorate despite its high solubility. Additionally, perchlorate present in the simulant increased metal/phosphorous release, which may also affect plant growth and biochemistry. Our results support that perchlorate may modify metal availability to such an extent that, even with the successful removal of perchlorate, Martian regolith may continue to be toxic to plant life. Overall, our study demonstrates that the presence of perchlorate in Martian regolith provides a significant challenge in its use as an agricultural substrate and that further steps, such as restricted metal availability and nutrient enrichment, are necessary to make it a viable growing substrate.

Nonlinear spectral mixture modeling to estimate water-ice abundance of martian regolith

Icarus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szilárd Gyalay ◽  
Eldar Z. Noe Dobrea ◽  
Kathryn Chu ◽  
Karly M. Pitman
Keyword(s):  
Mixture Modeling ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Martian Regolith ◽  
Spectral Mixture

A fully-coupled hydrological–mechanical–chemical model for fracture sealing and preferential opening

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jishan Liu ◽  
Jinchang Sheng ◽  
A. Polak ◽  
D. Elsworth ◽  
H. Yasuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Model ◽  
Fracture Sealing ◽  
Fully Coupled

JSC Mars-1 Martian Regolith simulant particle charging experiments in a low pressure environment

2001 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank B. Gross ◽  
Sasha B. Grek ◽  
Carlos I. Calle ◽  
Rupert U. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Low Pressure ◽  
Particle Charging ◽  
Martian Regolith

F-CENTER IMPACT ON PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN HEMATITE

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 1963-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARVIDS STASHANS ◽  
RICHARD RIVERA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Vacancy ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Vacancy Defect ◽  
Chemical Model ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Properties ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
F Center ◽  
Quantum Chemical Model

Structural and optical properties of F-center (two electrons trapped by an oxygen vacancy) defect in hematite have been studied using a quantum-chemical model. Calculated absorption energies, 0.9 eV and 3.6 eV, are discussed in terms of the available experimental data. An explanation for the origin of experimentally observed electron depletion in hematite is proposed.

scholarly journals Analysis of a chemical model system leading to chiral symmetry breaking: Implications for the evolution of homochirality

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandy N. Morneau ◽  
Jaclyn M. Kubala ◽  
Carl Barratt ◽  
Pauline M. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Chiral Symmetry ◽  
Chiral Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Model System ◽  
Chemical Model

H2O- and OH-bearing minerals in the martian regolith:

Icarus ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Z Noe Dobrea ◽  
J.F Bell ◽  
M.J Wolff ◽  
K.D Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Martian Regolith
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