Electron trapping: Hysteretic relativistic resonance of a single electron

Nature ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 317 (6037) ◽  
pp. 476-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Single Electron ◽  
Electron Trapping

Conductance modulation by single-electron trapping in sub-μm MOSFETs

1995 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.H. Mueller ◽  
U. Schirl ◽  
M. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Single Electron ◽  
Electron Trapping ◽  
Conductance Modulation

Evaluation of single-electron movies of glutamine synthetase molecules

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
W. Kunath ◽  
E. Zeitler ◽  
M. Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Recording Device ◽  
Low Exposure

The features of digital recording of a continuous series (movie) of singleelectron TV frames are reported. The technique is used to investigate structural changes in negatively stained glutamine synthetase molecules (GS) during electron irradiation and, as an ultimate goal, to look for the molecules' “undamaged” structure, say, after a 1 e/Å2 dose.The TV frame of fig. la shows an image of 5 glutamine synthetase molecules exposed to 1/150 e/Å2. Every single electron is recorded as a unit signal in a 256 ×256 field. The extremely low exposure of a single TV frame as dictated by the single-electron recording device including the electron microscope requires accumulation of 150 TV frames into one frame (fig. lb) thus achieving a reasonable compromise between the conflicting aspects of exposure time per frame of 3 sec. vs. object drift of less than 1 Å, and exposure per frame of 1 e/Å2 vs. rate of structural damage.

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