Critical role of an eight-amino acid sequence of VP1 in neutralization of poliovirus type 3

Nature ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 304 (5925) ◽  
pp. 459-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. A. Evans ◽  
P. D. Minor ◽  
G. S. Schild ◽  
J. W. Almond
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Poliovirus Type ◽  
Type 3

Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase genes of human type 3 parainfluenza viruses isolated from 1957 to 1983

Virology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen L. van Wyke Coelingh ◽  
Christine C. Winter ◽  
Brian R. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Human Type ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Type 3

scholarly journals Purification, characterization, gene sequence, and significance of a bacterioferritin from Mycobacterium leprae.

1994 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Pessolani ◽  
D R Smith ◽  
B Rivoire ◽  
J McCormick ◽  
S A Hefta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Native Molecular Mass ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Ferroxidase Center ◽  
Considerable Homology

The study of tissue-derived Mycobacterium leprae provides insights to the immunopathology of leprosy and helps identify broad molecular features necessary for mycobacterial parasitism. A major membrane protein (MMP-II) of in vivo-derived M. leprae previously recognized (Hunter, S.W., B. Rivoire, V. Mehra, B.R. Bloom, and P.J. Brennan. 1990. J. Biol. Chem. 265:14065) was purified from extracts of the organism and partial amino acid sequence obtained. This information allowed recognition, within one of the cosmids that encompass the entire M. leprae genome, of a complete gene, bfr, encoding a protein of subunit size 18.2 kD. The amino acid sequence deduced from the major membrane protein II (MMP-II) gene revealed considerable homology to several bacterioferritins. Analysis of the native protein demonstrated the iron content, absorption spectrum, and large native molecular mass (380 kD) of several known bacterioferritins. The ferroxidase-center residues typical of ferritins were conserved in the M. leprae product. Oligonucleotides derived from the amino acid sequence of M. leprae bacterioferritin enabled amplification of much of the MMP-II gene and the detection of homologous sequences in Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum. The role of this iron-rich protein in the virulence of M. leprae is discussed.

scholarly journals Critical role of ASCT2-mediated amino acid metabolism in promoting leukaemia development and progression

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Ni ◽  
Wen-Mei Yu ◽  
Zhiguo Li ◽  
Douglas K. Graham ◽  
Lingtao Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Critical Role

scholarly journals Critical role of amino acid position 343 of surfactant protein-D in the selective binding of glycolipids from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Glycobiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1473-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy K Carlson ◽  
Jordi B Torrelles ◽  
Kelly Smith ◽  
Tim Horlacher ◽  
Riccardo Castelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Amino Acid Position ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Surfactant Protein D ◽  
Selective Binding

scholarly journals A critical role of glutamate transporter type 3 in the learning and memory of mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Sang-Hon Park ◽  
Huijuan Zhao ◽  
Shuling Peng ◽  
Zhiyi Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Glutamate Transporter ◽  
Type 3

scholarly journals Insights into the mysterious genetic variation profile oftprKinTreponema pallidumunder the development of natural human syphilis infection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Liu ◽  
Man-Li Tong ◽  
Yong Lin ◽  
Li-Li Liu ◽  
Li-Rong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Potential Vaccine

AbstractAlthough the variations of thetprKgene inTreponema pallidumwere considered to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of syphilis, how actual variable characteristics oftprKin the course of natural human infection enabling the pathogen’s survive has thus far remained unclear. Here, we performed NGS to investigatetprKofT. pallidumdirectly from primary and secondary syphilis samples. Compared with diversity intprKof the strains from primary syphilis samples, there were more mixture variants found within seven V regions of thetprKgene among the strains from secondary syphilis samples, and the frequencies of predominant sequences within V regions oftprKwere generally decreased (less than 80%) with the proportion of minor variants in 10-60% increasing. Noteworthy, the variations within V regions oftprKalways obeyed a strict 3 bp changing pattern. AndtprKin the strains from the two-stage samples kept some stable amino acid sequences within V regions. Particularly, the amino acid sequences IASDGGAIKH and IASEDGSAGNLKH in V1 not only presented a high proportion of inter-population sharing, but also presented a relatively high frequency (above 80%) in the populations. Besides,tprKalways demonstrated remarkable variability in V6 at both the intra- and inter-strain levels regardless of the course. These findings unveiled that the different profile oftprK in T. pallidumdirectly from primary and secondary syphilis samples, indicating that throughout the development of syphilisT. pallidumconstantly varies its domaintprKgene to obtain the best adaptation to the host. While this changing was always subjected a strict gene conversion mechanism to keep an abnormal TprK. The highly stable peptides found in V1 would probably be promising potential vaccine components. And the highly heterogenetic regions (e.g. V6) could provide insight into the mysterious role oftprKin immune evasion.Author summaryAlthough the variations of thetprKgene inTreponema pallidumwere considered to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of syphilis, how actual variable characteristics oftprKin the course of natural human infection enabling the pathogen’s survive has thus far remained unclear. Here, we performed next-generation sequencing, a more sensitive and reliable approach, to investigatetprKofTreponema pallidumdirectly from primary and secondary syphilis patients, revealing that the profile oftprKinT. pallidumfrom the two-stage samples was different. Within the strains from secondary syphilis patients, more mixture variants within seven V regions oftprKwere found, the frequencies of their predominant sequences were generally decreased with the proportion of minor variants in 10-60% was increased. And the variations within V regions oftprKalways obeyed a strict 3 bp changing pattern. Noteworthy, the amino acid sequences IASDGGAIKH and IASEDGSAGNLKH in V1 presented a high proportion of inter-population sharing and presented a relatively high frequency in the populations. And V6 region always demonstrated remarkable variability at intra- and inter-patient levels regardless of the course. These findings provide insights into the mysterious role of TprK in immune evasion and for further exploring the potential vaccine components.

scholarly journals Interferon Resistance of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1b: Relationship to Nonstructural 5A Gene Quasispecies Mutations

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 2795-2805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Pawlotsky ◽  
Georgios Germanidis ◽  
Avidan U. Neumann ◽  
Muriel Pellerin ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Frainais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Ns5a Protein ◽  
Genotype 1B

ABSTRACT A 40-amino-acid sequence located in the nonstructural 5A (NS5A) protein of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (HCV-1b) was recently suggested to be the interferon sensitivity-determining region (ISDR), because HCV-1b strains with an ISDR amino acid sequence identical to that of the prototype strain HCV-J were found to be resistant to alpha interferon (IFN-α) whereas strains with amino acid substitutions were found to be sensitive (N. Enomoto, I. Sakuma, Y. Asahina, M. Kurosaki, T. Murakami, C. Yamamoto, N. Izumi, F. Marumo, and C. Sato, J. Clin. Invest. 96:224–230, 1995; N. Enomoto, I. Sakuma, Y. Asahina, M. Kurosaki, T. Murakami, C. Yamamoto, Y. Ogura, N. Izumi, F. Marumo, and C. Sato, N. Engl. J. Med. 334:77–81, 1996). We used single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, combined with cloning and sequencing strategies, to characterize NS5A quasispecies in HCV-1b-infected patients and determine the relationships between pre- and posttreatment NS5A quasispecies mutations and the IFN-α sensitivity of HCV-1b. The serine residues involved in phosphorylation of NS5A protein were highly conserved both in the various patients and in quasispecies in a given patient, suggesting that phosphorylation is important in NS5A protein function. A hot spot for amino acid substitutions was found at positions 2217 to 2218; it could be the result of either strong selection pressure or tolerance to these amino acid replacements. The proportion of synonymous mutations was significantly higher than the proportion of nonsynonymous mutations, suggesting that genetic variability in the region studied was the result of high mutation rates and viral replication kinetics rather than of positive selection. Sustained HCV RNA clearance was associated with low viral load and low nucleotide sequence entropy, suggesting (i) that the replication kinetics when treatment is started plays a critical role in HCV-1b sensitivity to IFN-α and (ii) that HCV-1b resistance to IFN-α could be conferred by numerous and/or related mutations that could be patient specific and located at different positions throughout the viral genome and could allow escape variants to be selected by IFN-α-stimulated immune responses. No NS5A sequence appeared to be intrinsically resistant or sensitive to IFN-α, but the HCV-J sequence was significantly more frequent in nonresponder quasispecies than in sustained virological responder quasispecies, suggesting that the balance between NS5A quasispecies sequences in infected patients could have a subtle regulatory influence on HCV replication.

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