scholarly journals Visual Pigments of Three Species of Cartilaginous Fishes

Nature ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 222 (5190) ◽  
pp. 285-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. BEATTY
Keyword(s):  
Visual Pigments ◽  
Cartilaginous Fishes

scholarly journals Light-stimulated Phosphorylation of Bovine Visual Pigments by Adenosine Triphosphate

1973 ◽  
Vol 248 (2) ◽  
pp. 596-609
Author(s):  
Robert N. Frank ◽  
H. Dwight Cavanagh ◽  
Kenneth R. Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Visual Pigments

scholarly journals The diversity of opsins in Lake Baikal amphipods (Amphipoda: Gammaridae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina Drozdova ◽  
Alena Kizenko ◽  
Alexandra Saranchina ◽  
Anton Gurkov ◽  
Maria Firulyova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Visual Pigments ◽  
Ancient Lake ◽  
Climate History ◽  
Habitat Depth ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Evolutionary Scenario ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Evolutionary Success ◽  
Multiple Species

Abstract Background Vision is a crucial sense for the evolutionary success of many animal groups. Here we explore the diversity of visual pigments (opsins) in the transcriptomes of amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda) and conclude that it is restricted to middle (MWS) and long wavelength-sensitive (LWS) opsins in the overwhelming majority of examined species. Results We evidenced (i) parallel loss of MWS opsin expression in multiple species (including two independently evolved lineages from the deep and ancient Lake Baikal) and (ii) LWS opsin amplification (up to five transcripts) in both Baikal lineages. The number of LWS opsins negatively correlated with habitat depth in Baikal amphipods. Some LWS opsins in Baikal amphipods contained MWS-like substitutions, suggesting that they might have undergone spectral tuning. Conclusions This repeating two-step evolutionary scenario suggests common triggers, possibly the lack of light during the periods when Baikal was permanently covered with thick ice and its subsequent melting. Overall, this observation demonstrates the possibility of revealing climate history by following the evolutionary changes in protein families.

scholarly journals The Independent Evolution of Dorsal Pallia in Multiple Vertebrate Lineages

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Georg F. Striedter ◽  
R. Glenn Northcutt
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulbs ◽  
Sensory Inputs ◽  
Independent Evolution ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Olfactory Input ◽  
Cartilaginous Fishes

Comparative neurobiologists have long wondered when and how the dorsal pallium (e.g., mammalian neocortex) evolved. For the last 50 years, the most widely accepted answer has been that this structure was already present in the earliest vertebrates and, therefore, homologous between the major vertebrate lineages. One challenge for this hypothesis is that the olfactory bulbs project throughout most of the pallium in the most basal vertebrate lineages (notably lampreys, hagfishes, and lungfishes) but do not project to the putative dorsal pallia in teleosts, cartilaginous fishes, and amniotes (i.e., reptiles, birds, and mammals). To make sense of these data, one may hypothesize that a dorsal pallium existed in the earliest vertebrates and received extensive olfactory input, which was subsequently lost in several lineages. However, the dorsal pallium is notoriously difficult to delineate in many vertebrates, and its homology between the various lineages is often based on little more than its topology. Therefore, we suspect that dorsal pallia evolved independently in teleosts, cartilaginous fishes, and amniotes. We further hypothesize that the emergence of these dorsal pallia was accompanied by the phylogenetic restriction of olfactory projections to the pallium and the expansion of inputs from other sensory modalities. We do not deny that the earliest vertebrates may have possessed nonolfactory sensory inputs to some parts of the pallium, but such projections alone do not define a dorsal pallium.

scholarly journals The Cerebellum and Cerebellum-Like Structures of Cartilaginous Fishes

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Montgomery ◽  
David Bodznick ◽  
Kara E. Yopak
Keyword(s):  
Cartilaginous Fishes

scholarly journals On the male organs of some of the cartilaginous fishes

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 129-129
Keyword(s):  
Cartilaginous Fishes

In this paper, which is wholly occupied with anatomical details, the author refers to his paper on the Torpedo, which was published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1834; and also to Müller’s work “De Glandularum secernentium structura penitiori,” whose descriptions and views are not in accordance with those given in that paper. In the present memoir he adduces evidence of the accuracy of his former statement, chiefly founded on microscopical observations, and offers some conjectures respecting the functions of several organs found in cartilaginous fishes; but does not pretend to attach undue importance to his speculations.

INVERTEBRATE VISUAL PIGMENTS

1995 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Gartner ◽  
Paul Towner
Keyword(s):  
Visual Pigments

Visual pigments and visual range underwater

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 997-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.N. Lythgoe
Keyword(s):  
Visual Pigments ◽  
Visual Range
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