scholarly journals Precocious Male Cone Production associated with Low Nutrient Status in Clones of Pinus radiata

Nature ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 206 (4985) ◽  
pp. 739-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. SWEET ◽  
G. M. WILL
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Male Cone

Expression analysis of four Pinus radiata male cone promoters in the heterologous host Arabidopsis

Planta ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (6) ◽  
pp. 858-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai P. H�fig ◽  
Richard L. Moyle ◽  
Joanna Putterill ◽  
Christian Walter
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Heterologous Host ◽  
Male Cone

PRFLL - a Pinus radiata homologue of FLORICAULA and LEAFY is expressed in buds containing vegetative shoot and undifferentiated male cone primordia

Planta ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 206 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa J. Mellerowicz ◽  
Kathryn Horgan ◽  
Adrian Walden ◽  
Astrid Coker ◽  
Christian Walter
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Vegetative Shoot ◽  
Male Cone

scholarly journals Variation in Male Fertilities and Pairwise Mating Probabilities in Picea glauca

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
D J Schoen ◽  
S C Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Male Gamete ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Frequency Data ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Male Cone ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Seed Crops

ABSTRACT Frequencies of multilocus male gametes in seeds collected from clones in several blocks of a white spruce seed orchard were analyzed as part of a 2-yr study of mating system variation in this species. Observed frequencies of male gamete types departed significantly from those expected assuming equal male fertilities among clones. Male gamete frequencies in seed crops were significantly heterogeneous among clones within blocks, and among blocks within clones. Clonal male fertilities were estimated from male gamete frequency data. These estimates were highly skewed, with a small proportion of the clones contributing male gametes to the majority of the seed. The estimates were significantly heterogeneous among clones within blocks, and among blocks within clones. Between-year variation in clonal male fertilities was also pronounced, with male fertilities of some clones changing by as much as three orders of magnitude. Clonal male fertility was significantly correlated with clonal male cone production in both years. These results are important with regard to assumptions made for the estimation of general combining ability, average genetic correlation among progeny from single parents, and expected response to selection in open-pollinated plant populations.

Effect of applied growth regulators on cone production in Douglas-fir, and relation of endogenous growth regulators to cone production capacity

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. McMullan
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Female Cone ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Male Cone ◽  
Stage Of Development

Extracts of buds and young shoots of a good cone-producing clone of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were tested for cone production effect on seed orchard Douglas-fir trees chosen for their history of poor cone production. Other metabolites, including gibberellin 4/7, arginine, and abscisic acid were also tested. Growth regulator levels in good and poor cone-producing clones of Douglas-fir were compared over the period of bud break and shoot elongation.No evidence was obtained for the presence of growth regulators critical to cone production in purified extracts from ramets of the good cone-producing clone. Applied gibberellin 4/7 increased male and female cone production. Crude extracts of a good cone-producing clone increased male cone bud production. Arginine and abscisic acid had no effect.Bioassays indicated that growth regulator levels in buds and young shoots changed greatly with stage of development but were similar in good and poor cone-producing clones.

Agroforestry in Eastern Otago: results from two long-term experiments

2000 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
G.G. Cossens ◽  
M.F. Hawke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Clover Content ◽  
Pasture Yield

During the first 20 years of a Pinus radiata tree rotation, tree growth and pasture yield were assessed under a range of tree spacings at Invermay and Akatore, two coastal sites in Eastern Otago. Pasture yield in association with trees thinned to 100 stems per hectare (sph) was comparable to that from open pasture up to a tree age of 12 years. By the 19th year, however, pasture production declined to 63% of open pasture yield at Invermay and to 42% at Akatore. At 200 and 400 sph at Akatore, pasture yield was similar to that from open pasture at tree age 12 years but declined to 27% and 0% of open pasture yield respectively by year 20. At both Invermay and Akatore, the ryegrass and clover content of open pasture was relatively constant throughout the term of the trial. However, both the ryegrass and clover content of pasture beneath trees began to decline by tree age 12 years with a very rapid decline at Akatore in the number of pasture species at 200 sph by the 19th year. No pasture remained at 400 sph, after 19 years. Livestock carrying capacity with sheep on tree treatments at Invermay decreased from 100% of open pasture at year 6 to 60% by year 10. At Akatore, livestock carrying capacity averaged over the 20-year life of the trial was 4.1 stock units per hectare with a maximum of 8.1 stock units at a tree age of 8 years. Tree growth at both sites was similar, averaging between 1 and 1.1 m/year in height over 20 years, with trees at Invermay at 100 sph averaging 9% greater height and diameter growth than at Akatore. Increasing tree stocking from 100 to 200 to 400 sph at Akatore, resulted in increased tree height, but decreased diameter at breast height. A comparison of the East Otago trees with those in a similar trial at Tikitere (Rotorua) 900 km further north indicated that the southern trees were about 6 years later in their growth pattern by tree age 20 years. On both sites, soil pH tended to be lower in the presence of trees and was significantly lower than in open pasture by year 20. The results and comparisons with the Tikitere data suggest that, in an integrated agroforestry regime, there will be livestock grazing under the trees further into the tree rotation in Otago than in North Island sites. However, slower tree growth would result in a longer rotation time to harvest. Current recommendations to farmers are to plant trees on the less productive areas of the farm and adopt a tree stocking rate which fully utilises the site. Keywords: agroforestry, livestock, pasture, Pinus radiata, soil pH, tree stocking

Sidrophore Production and Phosphate Solubilization by Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens Isolated from Iraqi Soils and Soil Characterization

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Raad Abbas ◽  
Aqeel Mohammed Majeed Al-Ezee ◽  
Sawsan H
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Zone Formation

This study was conducted to explore the ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus cereus to solubilizing a phosphate in soil for enhancing the planting growth and, its relation with soill characterization. The isolates were identified as P.fluorescens and B. cereus using convential analysis and, its phosphate solubilization ability and sidrophore was shown by the clear zone formation on National Botanical Research Institute���s Phosphate medium. Moreover, Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates (n = 9) and three of B. cereus isolated from agricultural area in Baghdad university, Mustansiriyah university and Diyala bridge. Results displayed that bacterial count were varied in soil samples according to their region, and ranging from 30 to 60 *10 2 CFU/g in Baghdad university soil to 10���20 *10 2 CFU/g in Mustansiriyah university soil, the Baghdad soil macronutrient which included: NH4, NO3, P, and K were, 8.42, 20.53, 19.09, 218.73 respectively, While the physio analysis revealed that the mean of pH was 7.3 and EC was 8.63. on the other hand the micronutrient analysis indicated that the soil samples were included Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu which gave their mean 5025.9, 8.9, 4.9, 0.5 and 1.5 respectevily. Results revealed that all isolated bacteria (9 isolates of P.fluorescens and three isolates of B. cereus gave ahalo zone which mean their ability to be phosphate solubilizing bacteria at 100%. Results revealed that all isolated bacteria were detected a ability to produce high levels from chelating agents (siderophores)) by P.fluorescens and. B cereus at 100%, when appeared ahalo clear zone. Furthermore, the high levels of phosphate solubilization and siderophore production were grouped in bacterial species isolated from Iraqi soils. might be attributed to many soil factors such as soil nutrient status, soil acidity, water content, organic matter and soil enzyme activities.

PROGRESS OF RESEARCH IN NUTRITIONAL THERAPY FOR NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (NARRATIVE REVIEW)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 7-19
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
Positive Effect

Objective: In this review, we highlight the importance of an optimal nutrient status to strengthen the immune system during the COVID-19 crisis, focusing on the most relevant constituents that reduce inflammation and Provide a holistic perspective nutritional therapy the new coronavirus (covid-19) to assist researchers and improving areas for future response plans to deal with these diseases, and to provide a summary of the nutrients that help stop their development. Methods: This is a theoretical study conducted through a comprehensive review of the literature and research in the research engines (PubMed), (Read) and (ELSEVIER) and other new studies published in Chinese; we obtained information nutritional treatment who contributed to increasing the immunity of patients, due to the lack of treatment for this disease. Results: Until now no effective drug for the treatment of new coronavirus, pneumonia (covid-19) has been found. The development of vaccines is still in animal experiments. Recommendations and measures to control the spread of infection and nutritional therapy are still the only way to prevent the spread of covid-19 virus. Because, People relied only on treatments that were effective on previous viruses, for example those that have been used during the SARS and MERS epidemics. Discussion: The Covid-19 virus remains a global concern and more research is needed to control it. In addition, people need to know the nutrition ingredients that have a positive effect on increasing the immunity of the human body.

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