A Red Eye Colour Mutation in Culex pipiens after X-irradiation

Nature ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 200 (4909) ◽  
pp. 917-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. WILD
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Red Eye ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
Colour Mutation ◽  
X Irradiation

Some New Eye-Colour Changes in Gammarus cheureuxi Sexton. Part I

1930 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Sexton ◽  
A. R. Clark ◽  
G. M. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Black Pigment ◽  
Red Eye ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Mutant Stock ◽  
The One ◽  
Red Eyes

1. In a large number of experiments with Gammarus chevreuxi when the animals were kept under similar conditions at temperatures ranging from 20° to 28° C., twenty instances occurred in which red-eyed mutations appeared independently and simultaneously. The most important of these (Mutant Stock V) is described in detail in this paper.2. The Red eyes which have arisen in this Stock V and in the four previous Stocks, I to IV, have proved to be all genetically distinct from one another.3. There are at leadt two different classes of “red-eye,” the one simple, the other with intermediate stages. Mutant Stock V, here described, represents the second type. Differences in the method of origin of the two classes have been pointed out.4. The inheritance of the red-eyedness of the second class—namely, that in which intermediate stages and various colour changes occur—is of a complicated kind. For an interpretation in terms of Mendelian genes, even if allowance is made for an extent of variation in members of one particular genotype, clearly several of them are involved. Further, there must be considerable interplay of one kind or another among the different genes.5. Although so many different colour shades have appeared in Mutant Stock V, all can be interpreted in terms of varying concentrations of two pigments—the black and the red. Dilute black pigment with little or no red gives a purple eye.

Estimation of egg to pupal survival of Musca vetustissima Walker (Diptera: Muscidae) in the field using genetic and radioactive markers

1987 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Vogt ◽  
S. Runko ◽  
J. M. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Success ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
Colour Mutation ◽  
Similar Survival

AbstractRadioactive (32P) and genetic (recessive eye-colour mutation) markers were used to estimate egg to pupal survival of Musca vetustissima Walker. Both marking techniques provided similar survival estimates under laboratory and field conditions in Australia. Egg to pupal survival rarely exceeded 10% in samples at intervals during spring and summer. Abiotic (dung quality and weather) and biotic (other dung fauna) mortality agents were both important in limiting the breeding success of M. vetustissima, being jointly responsible for a seasonal mean mortality of 93·8%.

Augenfarbmutationen bei der Stechmücke Culex pipiens L. — ihre chemische und genetische Ursache / Genetics and Chemistry of Eye Colour Mutations of the Mosquito Culex pipiens L.

1971 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Dennhöfer
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Red Eyes

Investigations were made at the wild type and three eye colour mutants of the mosquito Culex pipiens L. The mutants are: “rot” (“r”, red eyes, sex linked, recessive), “weiss” (“w”, white eyes, sex linked, recessive), “ruby” (“ru” dark-red eyes, autosomal, recessive). By mendelian crossings, it could be shown, that “weiss” is epistatic over “ruby” and “rot”, “rot” is epistatic over “ruby”. “rot” and “weiss” are cell-autonomous mutants. In the wild type, two main substances could be identified. One seems to be an ommochrome, the other one a pterin (sepiapterin 1). The most important component is the ommochrome.In the eyes of “rot” animals the same two main substances could be identified, but there are obviously quantitative differences. More ommochrome and less pterin is formed.In the eyes of “weiss” animals no colour substances or their precursors could be detected.Only the eye pigments of the mutant “ruby” of Culex seem to be analogous to the mutant “brown” of Drosophila, both showing the same paperchromatographical pattern and the same spectrophotometric behaviour.

Some New Eye-Colour Changes in Gammarus cheureuxi Sexton

1932 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Sexton ◽  
A. R. Clark ◽  
G. M. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
Red Eye ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
Colour Changes

In a previous paper (9) attention was drawn to the occurrence of five different “Mutant Stocks” of ‘Red-eye’ deviations from the normal black eye. Various differences in the characteristics of these stocks were indicated. For instance, Stock I Red-eye is a stable Bright Red behaving as a simple mendelian recessive, whilst in Stock V all kinds of shades of eye-colour occur with various sorts of changes during life.

Incorporation of a Calliphora Arylphorin Gene into the Germ Line of Drosophila by P-Element-Mediated Transformation

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Martina Dorsch ◽  
Klaus Scheller
Keyword(s):  
Germ Line ◽  
P Element ◽  
Stable Integration ◽  
Red Eye ◽  
Eye Colour

Abstract Two arylphorin gene clones were inserted into the transposable p-element vector Carnegie 20 and injected into Drosophila rosy− mutants. Transponed animals were selected by their red eye colour and remated. We demonstrate by hybridization experiments the stable integration of the injected genes in the germ line of Drosophila. However, the incorporated genes are not expressed.

scholarly journals Genetic sexing strains for the population suppression of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Vol 376 (1818) ◽  
pp. 20190808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiota Koskinioti ◽  
Antonios A. Augustinos ◽  
Danilo O. Carvalho ◽  
Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq ◽  
Gulizar Pillwax ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Genetic Sexing ◽  
Red Eye ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
Population Suppression ◽  
Genetic Sexing Strains

Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of arthropod-borne viruses including dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Vector population control methods are reviving to impede disease transmission. An efficient sex separation for male-only releases is crucial for area-wide mosquito population suppression strategies. Here, we report on the construction of two genetic sexing strains using red- and white-eye colour mutations as selectable markers. Quality control analysis showed that the Red-eye genetic sexing strains (GSS) is better and more genetically stable than the White-eye GSS. The introduction of an irradiation-induced inversion (Inv35) increases genetic stability and reduces the probability of female contamination of the male release batches. Bi-weekly releases of irradiated males of both the Red-eye GSS and the Red-eye GSS/Inv35 fully suppressed target laboratory cage populations within six and nine weeks, respectively. An image analysis algorithm allowing sex determination based on eye colour identification at the pupal stage was developed. The next step is to automate the Red-eye-based genetic sexing and validate it in pilot trials prior to its integration in large-scale population suppression programmes. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Novel control strategies for mosquito-borne diseases’.

A New Eye Colour Mutation in Calliphora erythrocephala Meig

Nature ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 194 (4823) ◽  
pp. 111-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELMUT LANGER
Keyword(s):  
Calliphora Erythrocephala ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
Colour Mutation

Fine Structure of the Malpighian Tubules of the Mosquito, Culex pipiens

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 402-403
Author(s):  
Brendan Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Malpighian Tubule ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Calliphora Erythrocephala ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Basal Plasma

An ultrastructural investigation of the Malpighian tubules of the fourth instar larva of Culex pipiens was undertaken as part of a continuing study of the fine structure of transport epithelia.Each of the five Malpighian tubules was found to be morphologically identical and regionally undifferentiated. Two distinct cell types, the primary and stellate, were found intermingled along the length of each tubule. The ultrastructure of the stellate cell was previously described in the Malpighian tubule of the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala by Berridge and Oschman.The basal plasma membrane of the primary cell is extremely irregular, giving rise to a complex interconnecting network of basal channels. The compartments of cytoplasm entrapped within this system of basal infoldings contain mitochondria, free ribosomes, and small amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The mitochondria are distinctive in that the cristae run parallel to the long axis of the organelle.

Electron Microscopic Examination of a Transplantable Rat Mammary Carcinoma

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
S. Shirahama ◽  
G. C. Engle ◽  
R. M. Dutcher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
North West ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Tissue Specimens

A transplantable carcinoma was established in North West Sprague Dawley (NWSD) rats by use of X-irradiation by Engle and Spencer. The tumor was passaged through 63 generations over a period of 32 months. The original tumor, an adenocarcinoma, changed into an undifferentiated carcinoma following the 19th transplant. The tumor grew well in NWSD rats of either sex at various ages. It was invariably fatal, causing death of the host within 15 to 35 days following transplantation.Tumor, thymus, spleen, and plasma from 7 rats receiving transplants of tumor at 3 to 9 weeks of age were examined with an electron microscope at intervals of 8, 15, 22 and 30 days after transplantation. Four normal control rats of the same age were also examined. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon. The plasma was separated from heparanized blood and processed as previously described for the tissue specimens. Sections were stained with uranyl acetate followed by lead citrate and examined with an RCA EMU-3G electron microscope.

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