Oxidation of Reduced Nicotinamide-Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate in Rat Liver Microsomes

Nature ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 198 (4878) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE BELOFF-CHAIN ◽  
RAFFAELLA CATANZARO ◽  
G. SERLUPI-CRESCENZI
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

scholarly journals PERMEABILITY OF MICROSOMAL MEMBRANES ISOLATED FROM RAT LIVER

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 762-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Nilsson ◽  
Elisabeth Peterson ◽  
Gustav Dallner
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Osmotic Response ◽  
Microsomal Membranes ◽  
Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

Water compartments, permeability, and the possible active translocation of various substances in rat liver microsomes were studied by using radioactive compounds and ultracentrifugation. The total water of the microsomal pellet, 3.4 µl/mg dry weight, is the sum of water in the extramicrosomal and intramicrosomal spaces, or 56 and 44%, respectively. Sucrose space accounts for 77% of the intramicrosomal water and the hydration water ∼ 14%, leaving almost no sucrose-impermeable space when using the ultracentrifugation approach. With increasing sucrose concentration, microsomes do not show an osmotic response. The intramicrosomal water decreases greatly in the presence of Cs+ and Mg++ in rough but not in smooth microsomes. Uncharged substances of molecular weight of up to at least 600 freely penetrate microsomal membranes, which already become impermeable to charged substances at a molecular weight of 90. These substances also induce an osmotic response. The vesicles can be made permeable to charged substances after water treatment and cooling, which, however, does not increase glucose-6-phosphatase and inosine diphosphatase (IDPase) activities, and these enzymes can still be activated by deoxycholate. IDPase, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-cytochrome c reductase, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent hydroxylation reactions, performed in vitro, also disproved the hypothesis of an accumulation of charged substances inside of vesicles of being a major pathway. The products of the enzymic reactions as well as the glucuronidated form of a hydroxylated product can be recovered on the cytoplasmic side of membranes, and little accumulation occurs in the intravesicular compartment.

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