scholarly journals Release of Non-Esterified Fatty Acids from Adipose Tissue in Normal and Diabetic Rats

Nature ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 184 (4693) ◽  
pp. 1147-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WENKEOVÁ ◽  
J. PÁV
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

Effect of Propolis-Supplemented Diet on Body Composition and Endocrine Function of Adipose Tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Maria Jesús Lisbona-González ◽  
Candela Reyes-Botella ◽  
Esther Muñoz-Soto ◽  
Maria Victoria Olmedo-Gaya, ◽  
Jorge Moreno-Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and has central role in interaction with other organs or tissues while propolis can induce lipolysis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide detailed information about adipose tissue homeostasis modifications and body composition during propolis supplement consumption. Twenty male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks) were divided into two groups of 10 animals each and fed for 90 days with two different types of diets: standard for the control group (diet C) and standard diet + 2% propolis (diet P). Thyroid hormones did not show differences, while ghrelin and adiponectin decreased in the group that was fed propolis. Insulin, leptin, and non-esterified fatty acids also increased along with reduced body weight and fat, in addition to increased lean mass when propolis was in the diet. We conclude that propolis could decrease ghrelin and adiponectin but increase non-esterified fatty acids and insulin secretion, which improves body composition.

FREE FATTY ACID METABOLISM IN CHINESE HAMSTERS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Campbell ◽  
G. R. Green
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Spontaneous Diabetes ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Chinese Hamsters

In normal Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus) the mean concentration of free fatty acids (FFA) in serum varied from group to group, but was (i) consistently 4 to 9 times greater than in rats, dogs, or man; (ii) slightly higher than in Syrian hamsters; (iii) two- to four-fold higher than in fasting or alloxan-diabetic rats. The epididymal adipose tissue of the Chinese hamster (i) had initial concentrations of FFA comparable to those in the rat and Syrian hamster; (ii) released, in the same time interval, 8- to 10-fold more FFA in vitro than this tissue of the rat; (iii) had higher concentrations of FFA after incubation than the incubated tissue of the rat. The retroperitoneal (perirenal) adipose tissue of the Chinese hamster was less active in release of fatty acids in vitro than the epididymal, but was, however, more active than the epididymal adipose tissue of the rat. These characteristics of FFA metabolism in the Chinese hamster were apparently attributable to species, not to age, diet, or sex. In the Chinese hamster, the weight of the epididymal adipose tissue per gram of body was relatively high. It appears that in this species the rate of release of fatty acids from adipose tissue is great, leading to high FFA concentrations in serum.In Chinese hamster and rat adipose tissues in vitro, glucose and insulin (separately) reduced the rate of release of FFA and the amount of FFA in the tissues, but glucose and insulin together produced the greatest reductions. The net reduction in FFA release by glucose and insulin in vitro was greater in tissue from the Chinese hamster. Insulin markedly increased glucose uptake by the adipose tissues of both species. The possible relation of the results to spontaneous diabetes in the Chinese hamster is discussed.

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS SACCHARIDES ON THE RELEASE OF NON ESTERIFIED FATTY ACIDS FROM ADIPOSE TISSUE IN VITRO

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Perry ◽  
R. J. Tjaden
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Glycerol Phosphate ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue Cell ◽  
Other Substances

Rat epididymal adipose tissue was incubated in a phosphate–albumin medium to ascertain the effect of various saccharides and other substances on the release of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) into the medium. It was found that incubation with glucose, mannose, fructose, and 2-deoxy glucose resulted in less release of NEFA from the tissue into the incubation medium. Incubation with galactose, sucrose, lactose, D-ribose, D-xylose, L-xylose, D-arabinose, L-arabinose, D-lyxose, sodium pyruvate, glycerol, and glycerol phosphate showed no differences from the control in release of NEFA into the incubation medium. These results are consistent with the theory that the NEFA-lowering action of glucose is due to esterification of free fatty acid within the adipose tissue cell by glycerol phosphate.

Acute Up-Regulation of Adipose Triglyceride Lipase and Release of Non-Esterified Fatty Acids by Dexamethasone in Chicken Adipose Tissue

Lipids ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 813-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Serr ◽  
Yeunsu Suh ◽  
Shin-Ae Oh ◽  
Sangsu Shin ◽  
Minseok Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipose Triglyceride Lipase ◽  
Triglyceride Lipase ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

Effects of P-Chlorophenoxyisobutyrate on Free Fatty Acid Mobilization from Canine Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue In Situ

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Miller ◽  
O. D. Mjøs ◽  
M. F. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

1. The mechanism whereby p-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate (CPIB) lowers plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations has been studied in dogs by measuring the associated changes in adipose tissue metabolism. 2. CPIB lowered arterial concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids during isoprenaline infusion by a mean value of 41%. 3. This was accompanied by a proportionate decrease (45%) in the release of non-esterified fatty acids from subcutaneous adipose tissue in situ, and by a lesser reduction (22%) in that of glycerol. 4. Adipose tissue blood flow was unchanged by CPIB. 5. These findings indicate that the lowering effect of CPIB on non-esterified fatty acid concentrations derives principally from decreased mobilization rather than from increased tissue uptake of the fatty acids, and that this reflects both inhibited lipolysis and enhanced re-esterification of the fatty acids in adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Regulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Samra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Metabolic Fuel ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Hormone Sensitive

Adipose tissue is a major source of metabolic fuel. This metabolic fuel is stored in the form of triacylglycerol. Lipolysis of triacylglycerol yields non-esterified fatty acids and glycerol. In human subjects in vivo studies of the regulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue have been difficult because of the heterogeneous nature of the tissue and lack of a vascular pedicle. In the last decade the methodology of study of adipose tissue has improved with the advent of the anterior abdominal wall adipose tissue preparation technique and microdialysis. These techniques have demonstrated that lipid metabolism in adipose tissue is finely coordinated during feeding and fasting cycles, in order to provide metabolic fuel when required. Lipolysis takes place both in extracellular and intracellular space. The extracellular lipolysis is regulated by lipoprotein lipase and the intracellular lipolysis is regulated by hormone-sensitive lipase. In pathophysiological conditions such as trauma, sepsis and starvation profound changes are induced in the regulation of lipid metabolism. The increased mobilization of lipid fuel is brought about by the differential actions of various counter-regulatory hormones on adipose tissue blood flow and adipose tissue lipolysis through lipoprotein lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase, resulting in increased availability of non-esterified fatty acids as a source of fuel. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that adipose tissue produces various cytokines and these cytokines can have paracrine and endocrine effects. It would appear that adipose tissue has the ability to regulate lipid metabolism locally as well as at distant sites such as liver, muscle and brain. In future, it is likely that the mechanisms that lead to the secondary effects of lipid metabolism on atheroma, immunity and carcinogenesis will be demonstrated.

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS SACCHARIDES ON THE RELEASE OF NON ESTERIFIED FATTY ACIDS FROM ADIPOSE TISSUE IN VITRO

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-458
Author(s):  
W. F. Perry ◽  
R. J. Tjaden
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Glycerol Phosphate ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue Cell ◽  
Other Substances

Rat epididymal adipose tissue was incubated in a phosphate–albumin medium to ascertain the effect of various saccharides and other substances on the release of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) into the medium. It was found that incubation with glucose, mannose, fructose, and 2-deoxy glucose resulted in less release of NEFA from the tissue into the incubation medium. Incubation with galactose, sucrose, lactose, D-ribose, D-xylose, L-xylose, D-arabinose, L-arabinose, D-lyxose, sodium pyruvate, glycerol, and glycerol phosphate showed no differences from the control in release of NEFA into the incubation medium. These results are consistent with the theory that the NEFA-lowering action of glucose is due to esterification of free fatty acid within the adipose tissue cell by glycerol phosphate.

scholarly journals Studies on the conversion of pyruvate into fatty acids in white adipose tissue. Effects of insulin, alloxan-diabetes and starvation

1971 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell L. Halperin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Metabolic States ◽  
Normal Rat

The effect of insulin on the conversion of pyruvate into fatty acids in the presence and in the absence of glucose was studied in epididymal adipose tissue of the rat. 1. In adipose tissue from the normal rat, conversion of pyruvate into fatty acids is directly related to its concentration, the maximal rates occurring with 40mm- and the half-maximal rates with approx. 4mm-pyruvate. Insulin treatment did not greatly influence the maximal rates, but the half-maximal rates were at much lower pyruvate concentrations. This effect of insulin could be seen with physiological concentrations of this hormone (50–100μunits/ml). 2. In adipose tissue from acute-alloxan-diabetic and 36h-starved rats the conversion of pyruvate into fatty acids was almost zero until its concentration exceeded 3mm and then increased markedly as the concentration of pyruvate was increased. The lag phase of this S-shaped curve was decreased but not eliminated when insulin was present. This could account for the very low rates of glucose conversion into fatty acids in these metabolic states. Maximum rates of fatty acid synthesis were similar in the presence and in the absence of insulin, but only when 30–40mm-pyruvate was employed. Re-feeding of the starved rats or insulin treatment of the diabetic rats in vivo for several days restored these patterns to normal.

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