scholarly journals Long Ashton Research Station: Report for 1955

Nature ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 178 (4539) ◽  
pp. 895-895
Keyword(s):  
Research Station ◽  
Ashton Research Station

scholarly journals Evaluation of Flower, Fruit, and Juice Characteristics of a Multinational Collection of Cider Apple Cultivars Grown in the U.S. Pacific Northwest

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Miles ◽  
Jacqueline King ◽  
Travis Robert Alexander ◽  
Edward Scheenstra
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ashton Research Station ◽  
Strongly Consistent

Little information exists on the bloom and fruit characteristics of cider apple (Malus ×domestica) cultivars grown in the United States for the juice and alcoholic beverage markets. In this study, a total of 17 cider apple cultivars, including 4 American, 9 English, and 4 French, plus 1 Danish standard dessert apple cultivar (Red Gravenstein, Worthen strain) commonly used for cider, all grown in northwest Washington, were evaluated from 2000 to 2015 for commercially relevant traits. Trees were rated each year and the cultivars were categorized accordingly by relative bloom time, bloom habit, and productivity. The mean full bloom (FB) date of the 18 apple cultivars evaluated ranged from 25 Apr. to 25 May, with 6 cultivars categorized as early season bloomers, 9 as midseason, and 3 as late season. The mean bloom density (BD) rating (measured on a scale of 1–5) for all cultivars was (mean ± sd) 3.8 ± 0.6 (moderate bloom), with the bloom habit of 1 cultivar categorized as biennial, 11 as consistent, and 6 as strongly consistent. The mean productivity rating (measured on a scale of 1–5) for all cultivars was 2.9 ± 0.6 (light fruiting), with the productivity of 4 cultivars categorized as biennial, 10 as consistent, and 4 as strongly consistent. The mean fruit diameter of the 18 apple cultivars was 2.7 ± 0.4 inches (medium sized), with the fruit size of 2 cultivars categorized as small-fruited, 15 as medium-fruited, and 1 as large-fruited. For the 18 cultivars, the mean tannin and titratable acidity (TA) were 0.20% ± 0.14% and 0.54% ± 0.28%, respectively, and using the English cider apple classification system of juice type, 4 of the cultivars were classified as bittersweet, 1 as bittersharp, 3 as sweet, and 10 as sharp. Three of the cultivars had tannin content lower than what was historically recorded at the Long Ashton Research Station (LARS) in Bristol, England, for those same cultivars. The mean specific gravity (SG) of the 18 cultivars was 1.052 ± 0.007, the average predicted alcohol by volume (ABV) was 6.9% ± 0.9%, and the mean pH was 3.68 ± 0.39. Classification of three cultivars in northwest Washington, based on juice characteristics, differed from their historical classification in England, likely because of differences in climate and management. Only cultivars Golden Russet (sharp), Grimes Golden (sharp), and Yarlington Mill (sweet, but borderline bittersweet) were strongly consistent in productivity, but none produced high levels of tannin, whereas only cultivars Bramtot (bittersweet), Chisel Jersey (bittersweet), and Breakwell Seedling (bittersharp) were consistent in productivity and produced high levels of tannin.

East Malling Research Station

1951 ◽  
Vol 139 (894) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
The South ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
South West ◽  
Ashton Research Station ◽  
And Control ◽  
Tree Fruits ◽  
Wye College

The story of East Malling Research Station begins in 1913 when the Wye College Fruit Experiment Station was founded under Wellington, the first Director, as the result of representations by the fruitgrowers of Kent, Surrey and Sussex. At this time Spencer Pickering was demonstrating, on the Duke of Bedford’s Experimental Fruit Farm at Woburn, the wide field to be explored in the scientific study of fruit culture, and was already struggling with the great experimental difficulties arising from the heterogeneity of his plant material. The National Fruit and Cider Institute at Long Ashton, founded in 1903, was developing its work under Professor Barker while the John Innes Horticultural Institution, now in its new home at Bayfordbury, had been founded only two years before. The broad climatic distinctions between the fruitgrowing areas of the south east, in the heart of which East Malling is situated, and of those of the south west, served by the Long Ashton Research Station, are illustrated in figure 1, together with the acreage under tree fruits in each county. Wellington defined the task of the Experiment Station upon its foundation as ‘The study of problems which are met with in the actual culture of fruit trees and bushes.’ He emphasized the need for the study of the fundamental processes involved in the growth of the tree and pointed out that an essential preliminary was to identify and control the factors producing variation in growth, in yield, and in response to cultural treatments. He gave pride of place in the programme to the problems of rootstock effects, but work was also envisaged on propagation, on incompatibility and double working, on pruning and on manuring of tree fruits, while investigations on soft fruits and hops were also planned.

Long Ashton Research Station

Nature ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 161 (4100) ◽  
pp. 862-863
Keyword(s):  
Research Station ◽  
Ashton Research Station

Long Ashton Research Station

1972 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
C.V. Cutting
Keyword(s):  
Research Station ◽  
Ashton Research Station

scholarly journals Long Ashton Research Station

Nature ◽  
1938 ◽  
Vol 142 (3601) ◽  
pp. 825-826
Keyword(s):  
Research Station ◽  
Ashton Research Station
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