Reactions between Amino-Acids, Organic Acids and Sugars in Freeze-dried Apricots

Nature ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 177 (4519) ◽  
pp. 1082-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. L. J. ANET ◽  
T. M. REYNOLDS
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

Chemistry of non-enzymic browning. II. Reactions between Amino Acids, Organic Acids, and sugars in freeze-dried Apricots and Peaches

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
EFLJ Anet ◽  
TM Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Enzymic Browning ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

The water-soluble constituents of apricot and peach purees were examined qualitatively and quantitatively before and after storage for 4 to 16 months at 25 �C and 70 per cent. R.H. All samples contained all the amino acids, organic acids, sugars, and polyols previously detected (Reynolds 1967 ; Anet and Reynolds 1955a, 1966b ; Ash and Reynolds 1955a, 1955b) in the two species of fruit. The stored samples also contained the following compounds : eleven 1-(N-amino acid)-1-deoxyfructoses, traces of two 2-(N-amino acid)-2-deoxyglucoses, nine by-products of unknown constitution formed from the reaction between glucose and aspartic acid and glucose and asparagine, three compounds formed from ammonia and glucose, two series of sucrose, glucose, and fructose mono-esters of malic acid, traces of a sorbitol mono-ester of malic acid, and some sugar mono-esters of citric acid.�The free amino acid or organic acid lost was equal, on a molar basis, to the amino acid-deoxyfructoses (and related compounds) and sugar esters formed. After allowing for these derivatives as much as 7 per cent. of the total sugar (calculated as hexoses) originally present could not be accounted for.

scholarly journals The effect of microorganisms and heavy metals on the exudation of low molecular weight organic compounds by plant roots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Belimov ◽  
◽  
A. I. Shaposhnikov ◽  
D. S. Syrova ◽  
T. S. Azarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Variovorax Paradoxus ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Pea Mutant ◽  
Microbial Systems ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

The aim of our research was to study the effect of growth-promoting rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas oryzihabitans and Variovorax paradoxus) and toxic elements (Al, Cd and Hg) on the root exudation in various pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes. For this, methods of periodic cultures, gnotobiotic plant-microbial systems, ICPE and UPLC were used. It was established that rhizobacteria actively utilized organic acids and sugars secreted by the roots and contributed to an increase in pH and Al immobilization in the rhizosphere. Cadmium increased the exudation of many substances of pea line SGE, but this effect was more pronounced in the mutant SGECdt. Stimulation of the exudation of amino acids was detected during Hg treatment to a greater extent in wild-type SGE. The combined action of Cd and Hg did not lead to a further increase in exudation. The results obtained indicate various mechanisms of exudation of the studied fractions, while the most pronounced differences are observed between the fractions of amino acids or sugars with organic acids. Exudation of organic acids plays an important role in the decreased stability and accumulation of Hg by the pea mutant SGECdt.

scholarly journals The effects of lead on photosynthesis, 14C distribution among photoassimilates and transpiration of maize seedlings

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy W. Poskuta ◽  
Eugeniusz Parys ◽  
Elżbieta Romanowska ◽  
Halina Gajdzis-Gujdan ◽  
Barbara Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Carbon Flow ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Photosynthetic Products ◽  
Sugar Phosphates ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars ◽  
Treatment Concentration

Roots of whole 3 week-old seedlings of maize were exposed for 24 h to a solution of PbCl<sub>2</sub>. The concentrations of Pb were: 0, 200, 400, 800, 1200, 2400 mg dm<sup>-3</sup>. The amount of Pb taken up by roots was independent of the concentration of this element in the medium. The Pb taken up by shoots increased linearly with increasing treatment concentration. Pb caused: concentration-dependent inhibition of photosynthesis (PS), transpiration (T), <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> uptake and incorporation of label into photosynthetic products. The largest limitation by Pb of the flow of photoassimilated carbon occurred into starch and sugar phosphates. Among the water-soluble photoassimilates, the largest limitation of carbon flow occurred into organic acids and sugars and the smallest into amino acids.

scholarly journals Extraction and Natural Bioactive Molecules Characterization in Spinach, Kale and Purslane: A Comparative Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2515
Author(s):  
Boris Nemzer ◽  
Fadwa Al-Taher ◽  
Nebiyu Abshiru
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Leafy green vegetables contain essential nutrients and are frequently consumed for their perceived health benefits. The purpose of this study was to profile the nutritional and natural bioactive phytochemical compounds extracted from freeze-dried spinach and kale and compare them with our previously published freeze-dried purslane results. Novel research suggests that these leafy greens contain an abundance of fatty acids, amino acids, organic acids, vitamins, and minerals, which can reduce the risk of many chronic diseases. LC-MS/MS screening identified 69 and 103 compounds in spinach and kale, respectively, including flavonoids, glucosinolates, and phenolic and organic acids. Out of a total of 26 flavonoids identified in the current study, only three were found in spinach. All three leafy greens showed nutritional and health benefits and the unique phytochemical compounds found only in purslane provide a strong basis to incorporate its distinct dietary benefits.

Composition of amino acids, organic acids, and sugars in the peribacteroid space of soybean root nodules

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouhei Tejima ◽  
Yasuhiro Arima ◽  
Tadashi Yokoyama ◽  
Hitoshi Sekimoto
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Soybean Root ◽  
Peribacteroid Space ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

scholarly journals Dynamic metabolic profiling in vegetable soybean seed development

2018 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Runfang Hu, Guoqiang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Vegetable Soybean ◽  
Appearance Quality ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

The edible quality of vegetable soybean is significantly associated with the number and type of metabolites. In the present study, metabolites in new vegetable soybean variety Mindou 6 at 49 to 67 days after flowering was investigated using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The results showed that a total of 102 metabolites were identified from the vegetable soybean seeds, including 36 organic acids (35.3%), 21 amino acids, 11 polyols, 9 sugars, 7 phosphoric acids, 5 amines, 4 fatty acids, 4 nucleotides, and 5 other components. The principal component analysis indicated that the metabolites of amino acids, organic acids and sugars were greatly related to the quality of the vegetable soybean at the filling stages. A total of 40 differential metabolites were identified, including 14 amino acids, 13 organic acids and 2 sugars, and were found to be mainly involved in the metabolism of glycolysis, amino acids and phenylpropanoid. We systematically analyzed the change in the contents of metabolites in the developmental seeds of Mindou 6 and its effects on seed nutrition and eating quality. The suitable picking time was determined by combining the fresh pod yield and appearance quality. Taken together, these results can provide a theoretical reference for vegetable soybean breeding for high quality and efficient production.

scholarly journals Water Stress- and Nutrient Solution-mediated Changes in Water Relations and Amino Acids, Organic Acids, and Sugars in Xylem Fluid of Prunus salicina and Lagerstroemia indica

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Andersen ◽  
Brent V. Brodbeck ◽  
Russell F. Mizell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Plant Water Relations ◽  
Xylem Fluid ◽  
Prunus Salicina ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

The effects and interactions of water stress and nutrient solution on water relations and concentrations of amino acids, organic acids and sugars in xylem fluid of `Methley' plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) and `Carolina Beauty' crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica L.) during midday were determined. Container-grown plants were irrigated with water or nutrient solution (i.e., osmolarity = 138 mm) for 15 days, then irrigation was either continued or terminated for the next 5 days. The experiments were analyzed as factorial designs for each species separately, with the nutrient solution and irrigation status the last 5 days as the main factors. Xylem fluid tension increased ≈ 2- to 3-fold and leaf conductance to water vapor and transpiration were reduced ≈ 10-fold by withholding irrigation for both species; plant water relations of L. indica were also influenced by the nutrient solution. For both species, the osmolarity of xylem fluid was not altered by withholding irrigation. The predominant organic compounds quantified in both species were amides (i.e., glutamine and asparagine), arginine, and citric and malic acids. Sugars represented a small proportion (i.e., generally ≤ 1%) of total osmolarity. Irrigation altered the chemical profile of amino acids and organic acids to a greater degree than the nutrient solution. Water stress induced a 3-fold increase in total organic acids in xylem fluid of both species. The osmolarity and the concentration of most organic compounds in xylem fluid of P. salicina were not significantly affected by the nutrient solution. Arginine increased markedly in concentration by withholding irrigation or with the application of nutrient solution for L. indica. The concentration of most organic compounds did not vary greatly in response to variations in soil water or nutrient status. In conclusion, soil water-or nutrient-mediated changes in plant water relations exceeded changes in xylem fluid chemistry.

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