scholarly journals Harmonics in the Piezo-Electric Oscillation of a Quartz Crystal

Nature ◽  
1945 ◽  
Vol 156 (3962) ◽  
pp. 424-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. TSIEN ◽  
H. C. CHU
1953 ◽  
Vol 447 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Parthasarathy ◽  
M. Pancholy ◽  
A. F. Chhapgar

Author(s):  
J.A. Eades ◽  
A. van Dun

The measurement of magnification in the electron microscope is always troublesome especially when a goniometer stage is in use, since there can be wide variations from calibrated values. One elegant method (L.M.Brown, private communication) of avoiding the difficulties of standard methods would be to fit a device which displaces the specimen a small but known distance and recording the displacement by a double exposure. Such a device would obviate the need for changing the specimen and guarantee that the magnification was measured under precisely the conditions used.Such a small displacement could be produced by any suitable transducer mounted in one of the specimen translation mechanisms. In the present case a piezoelectric crystal was used. Modern synthetic piezo electric ceramics readily give reproducible displacements in the right range for quite modest voltages (for example: Joyce and Wilson, 1969).


Author(s):  
R. W. Vook ◽  
R. Cook ◽  
R. Ziemer

During recent experiments on Au films, a qualitative correlation between hole formation and deposition rate was observed. These early studies were concerned with films 80 to 1000A thick deposited on glass at -185°C and annealed at 170°C. In the present studies this earlier work was made quantitative. Deposition rates varying between 5 and 700 A/min were used. The effects of deposition rate on hole density for two films 300 and 700A thick were investigated.Au was evaporated from an outgassed W filament located 10 cm from a glass microscope slide substrate and a quartz crystal film thickness monitor. A shutter separating the filament from the substrate and monitor made it possible to obtain a constant evaporation rate before initiating deposition. The pressure was reduced to less than 1 x 10-6 torr prior to cooling the substrate with liquid nitrogen. The substrate was cooled in 15 minutes during which the pressure continued to drop to the mid 10-7 torr range, where deposition was begun.


2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (8) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Sakai ◽  
Hiroaki Imai ◽  
Masayuki Sohgawa ◽  
Takashi Abe

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (11) ◽  
pp. 383-384
Author(s):  
Naoki Okada ◽  
Koudai Suzuki ◽  
Takashi Mineta

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