Formation of Cleistogamic and Chasmogamic Flowers in Wild Violets as a Photoperiodic Response

Nature ◽  
1939 ◽  
Vol 144 (3646) ◽  
pp. 514-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORG BORGSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Photoperiodic Response

Photoperiodic Response of Flowering in Two-Branched Soybean Plants

1979 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shanmugasundaram ◽  
Wang Chao-Chin ◽  
T. S. Toung
Keyword(s):  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Soybean Plants

Effects of carbon dioxide on Pharbitis, Xanthium, and Silene in short days

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1283-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Purohit ◽  
E. B. Tregunna
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Pharbitis Nil ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Silene Armeria

The flowering response and other morphological characters of Pharbitis nil, Xanthium pennsylvanicum, and Silene armeria were studied in environments with different levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen under short-day conditions. Different light sources and intensities were also tested. Irrespective of the light source and intensity used, higher levels of carbon dioxide delayed or inhibited flowering as well as other morphological characters of the short-day plants but induced flowering in the long-day plant. Dry weight per unit leaf area as well as total chlorophyll increased with carbon dioxide concentration. The results are discussed in relation to some other recent reports, and it is proposed that large variations in photosynthetic rates of plants probably alter their photoperiodic response.

Responses of Some Turkish Wheat Cultivars to Vernalization and Photoperiod

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245
Author(s):  
Serpil Terzioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Primary Shoot ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Short Days

SUMMARYThe vernalization and photoperiodic response of six locally adapted bread wheat cultivars grown under natural daylength conditions during the summer or winter months was examined in glasshouse experiments. The wheat was vernalized by chilling imbibed grains at 2 ± 1°C for 0, 15 or 45 days. Vernalization for 45 days followed by long summer days led to floral initiation in all cultivars within 28 days but vernalization for 0 or 15 days only led to floral initiation in one cultivar. Vernalization followed by long days reduced the time from transplanting to anthesis, resulting in early ear emergence. Vernalization followed by short days accelerated the development of all the cultivars, but normal development could also occur without vernalization at this time of year. Apical differentiation of the primary shoot and its length and development gave the most reliable information on the period of vernalization required.

scholarly journals Possible Involvement of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1c1 in the Photoperiodic Response of Gonads in Birds

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 1067-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro Nakao ◽  
Tsuyoshi Takagi ◽  
Masayuki Iigo ◽  
Toshiro Tsukamoto ◽  
Shinobu Yasuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Functional Expression ◽  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Iodothyronine Deiodinase ◽  
Ovary Cells

The photoperiodic response of the gonads requires T3, which is generated photoperiodically from T4 by type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in the hypothalamus. Although thyroid hormones were long thought to traverse the plasma membrane by passive diffusion due to their lipophilic nature, it is now known that several organic anion transporting polypeptides (Oatp) transport thyroid hormones into target cells. In this study, we have used database searches to isolate DNA sequences encoding members of the chicken Oatp family and constructed a molecular phylogenetic tree. Comprehensive expression analyses using in situ hybridization revealed strong expression of cOatp1c1 and weak expression of cOatp1b1 in the ventro-lateral walls of basal tuberal hypothalamus, whereas expression of four genes (cOatp1a1, cOatp1b1, cOatp1c1, and cOatp3a2) was observed in the choroid plexus. Expression levels of all these genes in both regions were not different between short-day and long-day conditions. Functional expression of cOatp1c1 in Chinese hamster ovary cells revealed that cOatp1c1 is a highly specific transporter for T4 with an apparent Km of 6.8 nm and a Vmax of 1.50 pmol per milligram of protein per minute. These results suggest that cOatp1c1 could be involved in the thyroxine transport necessary for the avian photoperiodic response of the gonads.

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