The Physical Chemistry of Igneous Rock Formation: a General Discussion held by the Faraday Society, the Geological Society, and the Mineralogical Society, October 1924

In January last we referred to the celebrations in honour of this important event.1 We have now the pleasure to call attention to the “History of the Geological Society of London,”2 a work which has been written by Mr. Horace B. Woodward, F.K.S., F.G.S., in commemoration of the Centenary. Mr. Woodward has had the help of Mr. H. W. Monckton, Treasurer, who has described the Medals of the Society, Mr. E. S. Herries, M.A., V.P., who supplies a correct version of the Charter, and Professor E. J. Garwood, M.A., Secretary, who undertook to deal with illustrations. Sir A. Geikie, K.C.B., President, Professor Watts, F.K.S., Secretary, Professor Bonney, F.R.S., and Dr. H. Woodward have assisted by reading the proofs, but they are “not responsible for any individual statements” except where expressly acknowledged. These and other persons are duly thanked for the help afforded.The result of Mr. Woodward' laborious researches has been the production of a book of the greatest possible interest, and one which should be read, not merely by the Fellows of the Geological Society, but by all geologists interested in the history of their science. It is a record of first-class importance, and is, on the whole, a fair and accurate account of the events which have occurred in theGeological Society up to 1860, for the later years are perhaps too fresh in the memories of many to allow of that pleasing view obtained by distance.Opening with a rapid sketch of the histories of academies and learned societies before 1800 and a note on early geological researches in England, the author refers to the Askesian Society, which, founded in 1796, became the parent of the British Mineralogical Society in 1799.

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Development and Application of a Cutting - Abrasive Impregnated Diamond Bit

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.900.570 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 900 ◽

pp. 570-574

Author(s):

Hong Shan Zhao ◽

Kun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Igneous Rock ◽

Natural Diamond ◽

Effective Means ◽

Junggar Basin ◽

High Strength ◽

Rock Breaking ◽

Diamond Grit ◽

Rock Formation ◽

High Efficient ◽

Design Selection

Igneous rocks of Junggar Basin are hard, strong abrasive and poor drillability. ROP is low in drilling these rocks, and drilling cycle is long, which seriously affect the process of exploration and development in the Carboniferous reservoir. Considering the igneous rock formation characteristics and the drilling problems, using PDC impregnated diamond high strength, super abrasion as the main rock breaking device, a new type of cutting and grinding of diamond impregnated bit was developed. This bit has the following characteristics: Compound cutting structure with blades and cylindrical Impregnated cutters; big nozzle in the center + deep radiation water slot hydraulic structures; Natural diamond and TSP lengthened gauge design; Selection of 40/50 mesh diamond grit, mix two kinds of inserts with diamond concentration 70%.The bit has the combination of impregnated bit and PDC drill bit technical advantages, which improve the bit adaptability to the formations. Hassan3 Carboniferous igneous formations field test shows that: average ROP is 0.71m / h, single bit footage is 86.5m, which increased by about 20% and 302% respectively compared with high efficient three-roller bits. The success usage of this bit in Hassan 3 provide an effective means for high quality fast drilling in Junggar Basin igneous rock formation.

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