scholarly journals Recent Classification of the Shrews

Nature ◽  
1890 ◽  
Vol 42 (1093) ◽  
pp. 567-568
Author(s):  
R. W. SHUFELDT
Keyword(s):  
Recent Classification

scholarly journals A57 THE USE AND INTERPRETATION OF HLA-DQ2/DQ8 GENOTYPING BY PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGISTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
B Moreau ◽  
E Robidoux
Keyword(s):  
Risk Groups ◽  
Risk Classification ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Alleles ◽  
Seronegative Patient ◽  
Espghan Guidelines ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
American Society ◽  
Hla Dq2

Abstract Background A recent classification of high and low risk alleles associated with celiac disease (CD) shows that the presence of a single allele (DQA1*05 or DQB1*02; coding together for HLA-DQ2), without a positive genotype (HLA-DQ2 and or HLA-DQ8), represents a risk of developing the disease. Aims The aim of this study is to evaluate the use and interpretation of the HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genotyping by pediatric gastroenterologists, as there is no study on the matter and the latest guidelines do not address this risk classification. Methods A web-based survey was sent by email to all NASPGHAN (North American society of pediatric gastroenterolgy, hepatology and nutrition) members. Results Results 294 pediatric gastroenterologists sent a complete survey. 86,1% use the HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genotyping according mainly to the NASPGHAN and ESPGHAN guidelines. The main indications considered were to exclude CD in a patient on a gluten-free diet with a resolution of his symptoms and in a seronegative patient with equivocal biopsies. A minority would consider the genotyping for screening high risk groups or for making a diagnosis in children with high specific CD antibodies and strong clinical suspicion without performing biopsies, as suggested by the ESPGHAN guidelines. The alleles associated with CD are not well known, but 76,7% the participants are aware of the risk classification. While only 62,8% have access to the complete genotype, 47,8% consider it useful. Nevertheless, 82,6% would still want to know the presence of a low risk allele. Conclusions The risk classification of alleles related to CD warrants a modification of the genotyping result with access to the alleles and an adaptation of the guidelines. Funding Agencies None

scholarly journals Neuropathology of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahd Al Sufiani ◽  
Lee Cyn Ang
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Focal Cortical Dysplasia ◽  
Cortical Dysplasia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
Pathologic Lesions ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
Associated Tumors

Pathologic findings in surgical resections from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy include a wide range of diagnostic possibilities that can be categorized into different groups on the basis of etiology. This paper outlines the various pathologic entities described in temporal lobe epilepsy, including some newly recognized epilepsy-associated tumors, and briefly touch on the recent classification of focal cortical dysplasia. This classification takes into account coexistent pathologic lesions in focal cortical dysplasia.

A Global Phylogenomic Study of the Thelypteridaceae

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-915
Author(s):  
Susan Fawcett ◽  
Alan R. Smith ◽  
Michael Sundue ◽  
J. Gordon Burleigh ◽  
Emily B. Sessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
Phylogenomic Study

Abstract— The generic classification of the Thelypteridaceae has been the subject of much controversy. Proposed taxonomic systems have varied from recognizing the approximately 1200 species in the family within the single genus Thelypteris, to systems favoring upwards of 30 genera. Insights on intrafamilial relationships, especially for neotropical taxa, have been gained from recent phylogenetic studies; however, in the most recent classification, 10 of 30 recognized genera are either non-monophyletic or untested. We sequenced 407 nuclear loci for 621 samples, representing all recognized genera and approximately half the known species diversity. These were analyzed using both maximum likelihood analysis of a concatenated matrix and multi-species coalescent methods. Our phylogenomic results, informed by recently published morphological evidence, provide the foundation for a generic classification which recircumscribed 14 genera and recognized seven new genera. The 37 monophyletic genera sampled demonstrate greater geographic coherence than previous taxonomic concepts suggested. Additionally, our results demonstrate that certain morphological characters, such as frond division, are evolutionarily labile and are thus inadequate for defining genera.

SCALING THEORY AND THE CLASSIFICATION OF PHASE TRANSITIONS

1992 ◽  
Vol 06 (13) ◽  
pp. 773-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. HILFER
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Thermodynamic Description ◽  
Classification Theory ◽  
Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions ◽  
Critical Limit ◽  
Scaling Hypothesis ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
Thermodynamics And Statistical Mechanics

The recent classification theory for phase transitions (R. Hilfer, Physica Scripta 44, 321 (1991)) and its relation with the foundations of statistical physics is reviewed. First it is outlined how Ehrenfests classification scheme can be generalized into a general thermodynamic classification theory for phase transitions. The classification theory implies scaling and multiscaling thereby eliminating the need to postulate the scaling hypothesis as a fourth law of thermodynamics. The new classification has also led to the discovery and distinction of nonequilibrium transitions within equilibrium statistical physics. Nonequilibrium phase transitions are distinguished from equilibrium transitions by orders less than unity and by the fact that equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics become inapplicable at the critical point. The latter fact requires a change in the Gibbs assumption underlying the canonical and grandcanonical ensembles in order to recover the thermodynamic description in the critical limit.

Range-compatible homomorphisms over the field with two elements

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 71-114
Author(s):  
Clément De Seguins Pazzis
Keyword(s):  
Linear Subspace ◽  
Linear Operators ◽  
Vector Spaces ◽  
Operator Spaces ◽  
Affine Subspaces ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
Reflexive Operator ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
Special Case

Let U and V be finite-dimensional vector spaces over a field K, and S be a linear subspace of the space L(U, V ) of all linear operators from U to V. A map F : S → V is called range-compatible when F(s) ∈ Im s for all s ∈ S. Previous work has classified all the range-compatible group homomorphisms provided that codimL(U,V )S ≤ 2 dim V − 3, except in the special case when K has only two elements and codimL(U,V )S = 2 dim V − 3. This article gives a thorough treatment of that special case. The results are partly based upon the recent classification of vector spaces of matrices with rank at most 2 over F2. As an application, the 2-dimensional non-reflexive operator spaces are classified over any field, and so do the affine subspaces of Mn,p(K) with lower-rank at least 2 and codimension 3.

SOME COMMENTS ON A RECENT CLASSIFICATION OF THE MONIMIACEAE

Taxon ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan B. Martínez‐Laborde
Keyword(s):  
Recent Classification

Agent Orange in War Medicine: An Aftermath Myth

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Hardell ◽  
Mikael Eriksson ◽  
Olav Axelson
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Agent Orange ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Cancer Risks ◽  
Phenoxy Herbicides ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
War Medicine

Since the late 1970s several epidemiological studies have appeared linking exposure to phenoxy herbicides or chlorophenols to some malignant tumors. Most of these compounds are contaminated with dioxins and dibenzofurans; for example, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) is a contaminant of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), a component of Agent Orange which was sprayed in Vietnam during the war. The results of some of the epidemiological studies on cancer risks associated with exposure to these compounds have been manipulated and misinterpreted, particularly by the Australian Royal Commission on the Use and Effects of Chemical Agents on Australian Personnel in Vietnam. Furthermore, a book on Australian war history entitled Medicine at War, commissioned by the Federal Government, reiterates several of these misinterpretations, despite available contrary evaluations from Australian and U.S. authorities. These remarkable and confusing circumstances in the scientific process are considered also in the light of the recent classification of TCDD as carcinogenic to humans, Group 1, by a Working Group at the International Agency for Research on Cancer in Lyon, France.

Recent classification of renal epithelial tumors

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Kuroda ◽  
Azusa Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Recent Classification

scholarly journals Neuropathic pain

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
V. A. Koriachkin ◽  
A. P. Spasova ◽  
V. V. Khinovker
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chronic Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Official Document ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
Recent Classification

Background Chronic neuropathic pain is a common occurrence, its prevalence ranges from 7 to 10% of the total population. Currently, the only official document that includes neuropathic pain is the International Classification of Headaches Disorders (ICHD-3), in which this type of pain is associated with traumatic brain injury and neuralgia. Until now, there has been no generally accepted terminology and classification of chronic neuropathic pain.Objective To provide the current terminology, classification and additional characteristics of neuropathic chronic pain.Results The review of modern terminology and classification of neuropathic chronic pain describes the terms included in the concept of chronic peripheral and central neuropathic pain, identifies pain subtypes, as well as its additional characteristics such as the intensity of neuropathic pain, the severity of suffering and disability.Conclusions Thus, the presented recent classification of chronic neuropathic pain is an exhaustive list of the most common neuropathic pain syndromes. The inclusion of classification into clinical practice will help to draw attention to the problem of treatment of chronic neuropathic pain by WHO members, carrying out epidemiological studies and making a correct diagnosis, and therefore the appointment of adequate treatment methods.

scholarly journals Ultraconserved elements help resolve the phylogeny of an ancient radiation of venomous flies (Diptera: Asilidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris M. Cohen ◽  
Katherine Noble ◽  
T. Jeffrey Cole ◽  
Michael S. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Missing Data ◽  
Gene Tree ◽  
Parametric Bootstrap ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Tree Inference ◽  
Robber Flies ◽  
Gc Bias ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
Subfamily Classification

AbstractRobber flies or assassin flies (Diptera: Asilidae) are a diverse family of venomous predators. The most recent classification organizes Asilidae into 14 subfamilies based on a comprehensive morphological phylogeny, but many of these have not been supported in a subsequent molecular study using traditional molecular markers. To address questions of monophyly in Asilidae, we leveraged the recently developed Diptera-wide UCE baitset to compile seven datasets comprising 151 robber flies and 146 - 2,508 loci, varying in the extent of missing data. We also studied the behavior of different nodal support metrics, as the non-parametric bootstrap is known to perform poorly with large genomic datasets. Our ML phylogeny was fully resolved and well-supported, but partially incongruent with the coalescent phylogeny. Further examination of the datasets suggested the possibility that GC bias had influenced gene tree inference and subsequent species tree analysis. The subfamilies Brachyrhopalinae, Dasypogoninae, Dioctriinae, Stenopogoninae, Tillobromatinae, Trigonomiminae, and Willistonininae were not recovered as monophyletic in either analysis, consistent with a previous molecular study. The inter-subfamily relationships are summarized as follows: Laphriinae and Dioctriinae (in part) are successively sister to the remaining subfamilies, which form two clades; the first consists of a grade of Stenopogoninae (in part), Willistonininae (in part), Bathypogoninae+Phellinae, Stichopogoninae, Leptogastrinae, Ommatiinae, and Asilinae; the second clade consists of a thoroughly paraphyletic assemblage of genera from Dioctriinae (in part), Trigonomiminae, Stenopogoninae (in part), Tillobromatinae, Brachyrhopalinae, and Dasypogoninae. We find that nodal support does not significantly vary with missing data. Furthermore, the bootstrap appears to overestimate nodal support, as has been reported from many recent studies. Gene concordance and site concordance factors seem to perform better, but may actually underestimate support. We instead recommend quartet concordance as a more appropriate estimator of nodal support. Our comprehensive phylogeny demonstrates that the higher classification of Asilidae is far from settled, and it will provide a much-needed foundation for a thorough revision of the subfamily classification.

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