Modulations of saliency signals at two hierarchical levels of priority computation revealed by spatial statistical distractor learning.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich R. Liesefeld ◽  
Hermann J. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Levels

Set in Order – Fundamental Stage for 5S Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Nicolae Moro
Keyword(s):  
Job Security ◽  
Hierarchical Levels

AbstractA useful tool for organizing jobs is the 5S methodology, which is essentially a program structured in five stages to obtain systematically: organization, cleanliness and standardization in the workplace, thus contributing to improving productivity, reducing quality nonconformities and job security problems, being a method that involves employees from all hierarchical levels using standards and discipline. Being a Japanese method for organizing, cleaning, developing and sustaining a productive job, the origin of the name comes from five Japanese words that start with the S sound, respectively: Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke. This technique was also adopted by the organizations from the strong economies and, by translating the five words from Japanese into English, resulting in an identical name of this methodology: Sort, Straighten, Shine, Standardize, Sustain.

Analyzing the Russian tool-making industry within the sustainable development concept

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.N. Ryzhikova ◽  
V.G. Borovskii
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Methods ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Intensive Development

Subject. The article explores the economic component of sustainable development through the classification of industries from the perspective of assigning the output goods to fixed or current assets, using different types of resources and assessing their condition. It considers factors of production affecting the achievement of the result and determining the development of economic systems at the meso- and micro-hierarchical level. Objectives. The aim is to assess the function of economic systems of different hierarchical levels on the tool-making facilities case. Methods. We apply an approach using general and special methods of comparative and statistical analysis, synthesis and analogies. Results. The paper analyzes the development of the Russian tool-making industry on the basis of resource-oriented approach to assess the functioning of economic systems at various levels. We review interrelations between resource use efficiency, types of sustainable development of economic systems at various hierarchical levels and strategic security of the country. Conclusions. Any development can be considered sustainable, if there is an increment in the intensive development of economic systems at all three levels.

scholarly journals Integrated multiscale biomaterials experiment and modelling: a perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20150098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus J. Buehler ◽  
Guy M. Genin
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
Computational Power ◽  
Multiscale Models ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Advances in multiscale models and computational power have enabled a broad toolset to predict how molecules, cells, tissues and organs behave and develop. A key theme in biological systems is the emergence of macroscale behaviour from collective behaviours across a range of length and timescales, and a key element of these models is therefore hierarchical simulation. However, this predictive capacity has far outstripped our ability to validate predictions experimentally, particularly when multiple hierarchical levels are involved. The state of the art represents careful integration of multiscale experiment and modelling, and yields not only validation, but also insights into deformation and relaxation mechanisms across scales. We present here a sampling of key results that highlight both challenges and opportunities for integrated multiscale experiment and modelling in biological systems.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Analysis of Nucleotide Diversity in Geographically Structured Populations

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent E Holsinger ◽  
Roberta J Mason-Gamer
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Rooted Tree ◽  
Structured Populations ◽  
Hierarchical Analysis ◽  
Restriction Site Variation ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Existing methods for analyzing nucleotide diversity require investigators to identify relevant hierarchical levels before beginning the analysis. We describe a method that partitions diversity into hierarchical components while allowing any structure present in the data to emerge naturally. We present an unbiased version of Nei's nucleotide diversity statistics and show that our modification has the same properties as Wright's  F  ST. We compare its statistical properties with several other F  ST estimators, and we describe how to use these statistics to produce a rooted tree of relationships among the sampled populations in which the mean time to coalescence of haplotypes drawn from populations belonging to the same node is smaller than the mean time to coalescence of haplotypes drawn from populations belonging to different nodes. We illustrate the method by applying it to data from a recent survey of restriction site variation in the chloroplast genome of Coreopsis grandiflora.

Alternative Family Structures: A Career Advantage?

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 812-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Professional Services ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Professional Services Firm

This research examined the presence of homemakers among spouses of men and women at four hierarchical levels within a single large professional services firm. Men at the most senior level were significantly more likely to have spouses as homemakers than were men at lower levels and women at any hierarchical level. Men were generally more likely than women to have spouses as homemakers, thus family structures may create potential career disadvantages for women.

GIS based analysis for assessing the accessibility at hierarchical levels of urban green spaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 198-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshama Gupta ◽  
Arijit Roy ◽  
Kanishka Luthra ◽  
Sandeep Maithani ◽  
Mahavir
Keyword(s):  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Hierarchical Levels
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