Retrieval effort cues predict eyewitness accuracy.

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torun Lindholm ◽  
Fredrik U. Jönsson ◽  
Marco Tullio Liuzza
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Accuracy

Use of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to assess eyewitness accuracy and deception

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Lefebvre ◽  
Y. Marchand ◽  
S.M. Smith ◽  
J.F. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Eyewitness Accuracy

Eyewitness accuracy rates in police showup and lineup presentations: A meta-analytic comparison.

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Steblay ◽  
Jennifer Dysart ◽  
Solomon Fulero ◽  
R.C.L. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Accuracy ◽  
Accuracy Rates

Long Retention Intervals Impair the Confidence-Accuracy Relationship for Eyewitness Recall

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Rebecca Spearing ◽  
Kimberley A. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Retention Interval ◽  
Cued Recall ◽  
Eyewitness Confidence ◽  
Eyewitness Accuracy ◽  
Memory Accuracy ◽  
Retrieval Fluency ◽  
Retention Intervals ◽  
Mock Crime ◽  
Very High ◽  
Accuracy Relationship

A growing body of research suggests that confidence judgements can provide a useful indicator of memory accuracy under some conditions. One factor known to affect eyewitness accuracy, yet rarely examined in the confidence-accuracy literature, is retention interval. Using calibration analyses, we investigated how retention interval affects the confidence-accuracy relationship for eyewitness recall. In total, 611 adults watched a mock crime video and completed a cued-recall test either immediately, after 1 week, or after 1 month. Long (1 month) delays led to lower memory accuracy, lower confidence judgements, and impaired the confidence-accuracy relationship compared to shorter (immediate and 1 week) delays. Long-delay participants who reported very high levels of confidence tended to be over-confident in the accuracy of their memories compared to other participants. Self-rated memory ability, however, did not predict eyewitness confidence or the confidence-accuracy relationship. We discuss the findings in relation to cue-utilization theory and a retrieval-fluency account.

scholarly journals Alcohol myopia and the distracting effects of hair in face recognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Alistair J Harvey ◽  
Danny A Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Exterior Region ◽  
Eyewitness Accuracy ◽  
Alcohol Myopia ◽  
Unfamiliar Face ◽  
Alcohol Myopia Theory ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Unfamiliar Faces

Background: According to alcohol myopia theory, alcohol reduces cognitive resources and restricts the drinker’s attention to only the more prominent aspects of a visual scene. As human hairstyles are often salient and serve as important facial recognition cues, we consider whether alcohol restricts attention to this region of faces upon initial viewing. Aims: Participants with higher breath alcohol concentrations just prior to encoding a series of unfamiliar faces were expected to be poorer than more sober counterparts at recognising the internal but not external features of those faces at test. Methods: Drinkers in a nearby bar ( n=76) were breathalysed and then shown a sequence of 21 full face photos. After a filled five-minute retention interval they completed a facial recognition task requiring them to identify the full, internal or external region of each of these among a sequence of 21 previously unseen (part or whole) faces. Results: As predicted, higher breath concentrations were associated with poorer discrimination of internal but not external face regions. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that alcohol restricts unfamiliar face encoding by narrowing the scope of attention to the exterior region of unfamiliar faces. This has important implications for drunk eyewitness accuracy, though further investigation is needed to see if the effect is mediated by gender, hair length and face feature distinctiveness.

The effects of immediate recall on eyewitness accuracy and susceptibility to misinformation

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 619-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emyo Wang ◽  
Helen Paterson ◽  
Richard Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Accuracy ◽  
Immediate Recall
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