Trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and attitudes toward guns.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Wamser-Nanney ◽  
John T. Nanney ◽  
Joseph I. Constans
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Stress Symptoms

scholarly journals Longitudinal association between infant disorganized attachment and childhood posttraumatic stress symptoms

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Z. MacDonald ◽  
Marjorie Beeghly ◽  
Wanda Grant-Knight ◽  
Marilyn Augustyn ◽  
Ryan W. Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Disorganized Attachment ◽  
Clinical Psychologist ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether children with a history of disorganized attachment in infancy were more likely than children without a history of disorganized attachment to exhibit symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at school age following trauma exposure. The sample consisted of 78 8.5-year-old children from a larger, ongoing prospective study evaluating the effects of intrauterine cocaine exposure (IUCE) on children's growth and development from birth to adolescence. At the 12-month visit, children's attachment status was scored from videotapes of infant–caregiver dyads in Ainsworth's strange situation. At the 8.5-year visit, children were administered the Violence Exposure Scale—Revised, a child-report trauma exposure inventory, and the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents by an experienced clinical psychologist masked to children's attachment status and IUCE status. Sixteen of the 78 children (21%) were classified as insecure–disorganized/insecure–other at 12 months. Poisson regressions covarying IUCE, gender, and continuity of maternal care indicated that disorganized attachment status at 12 months, compared with nondisorganized attachment status, significantly predicted both higher avoidance cluster PTSD symptoms and higher reexperiencing cluster PTSD symptoms. These findings suggest that the quality of early dyadic relationships may be linked to differences in children's later development of posttraumatic stress symptoms following a traumatic event.

Relationship of Prior Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Pediatric Burn Patients

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Stolbach ◽  
Courtney Landau Fleisher ◽  
Tanja Gazibara ◽  
Lawrence Gottlieb ◽  
Lisa Libman Mintzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Prior Trauma

Acute posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression after exposure to the 2005 Saskatchewan Centennial Air Show disaster: Prevalence and predictors

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Taylor, PhD ◽  
Gordon J.G. Asmundson, PhD ◽  
R. Nicholas Carleton, MA ◽  
Peter Brundin, MA
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Acute Distress ◽  
Local Media ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Prior Trauma

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of acute distress—that is, clinically significant posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depression—and to identify predictors of each in a sample of people who witnessed a fatal aircraft collision at the 2005 Saskatchewan Centennial Air Show.Design: Air Show attendees (N157) were recruited by advertisements in the local media and completed an Internet-administered battery of questionnaires.Results: Based on previously established cut-offs, 22 percent respondents had clinically significant PTSS and 24 percent had clinically significant depressive symptoms. Clinically significant symptoms were associated with posttrauma impairment in social and occupational functioning. Acute distress was associated with several variables, including aspects of Air Show trauma exposure, severity of prior trauma exposure, low posttrauma social support (ie, negative responses by others), indices of poor coping (eg, intolerance of uncertainty, rumination about the trauma), and elevated scores on anxiety sensitivity, the personality trait of absorption, and dissociative tendencies.Conclusions: Results suggest that clinically significant acute distress is common in the aftermath of witnessed trauma. The statistical predictors (correlates) of acute distress were generally consistent with the results of studies of other forms of trauma. People with elevated scores on theoretical vulnerability factors (eg, elevated anxiety sensitivity) were particularly likely to develop acute distress.

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