scholarly journals Childhood maltreatment and later stressful life events as predictors of depression: A test of the stress sensitization hypothesis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-500
Author(s):  
Ashley N. Rousson ◽  
Charles B. Fleming ◽  
Todd I. Herrenkohl
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Stress Sensitization ◽  
Predictors Of Depression

scholarly journals Neighborhood Context, Personality, and Stressful Life Events as Predictors of Depression Among African American Women.

2005 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn E. Cutrona ◽  
Daniel W. Russell ◽  
P. Adama Brown ◽  
Lee Anna Clark ◽  
Robert M. Hessling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
American Women ◽  
Predictors Of Depression

scholarly journals Childhood adversity, adult stressful life events, and risk of past-year psychiatric disorder: a test of the stress sensitization hypothesis in a population-based sample of adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1647-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. McLaughlin ◽  
K. J. Conron ◽  
K. C. Koenen ◽  
S. E. Gilman
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Stress Sensitization ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundChildhood adversity (CA) is associated with adult mental disorders, but the mechanisms underlying this association remain inadequately understood. Stress sensitization, whereby CA increases vulnerability to mental disorders following adult stressful life events, has been proposed as a potential mechanism. We provide a test of the stress sensitization hypothesis in a national sample.MethodWe investigated whether the association between past-year stressful life events and the 12-month prevalence of major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other anxiety disorders, and perceived stress varies according to exposure to CA. We used data from the National Epidemiological Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) (n=34 653).ResultsPast-year stressful life events were associated with an increased risk of major depression, PTSD, anxiety disorders, and perceived stress. However, the magnitude of the increased risk varied according to respondents' history of CA. For example, past-year major stressors were associated with a 27.3% increase in the 12-month risk of depression among individuals with ⩾3 CAs and a 14.8% increased risk among individuals without CAs. Stress sensitization effects were present for depression, PTSD, and other anxiety disorders in women and men, although gender differences were found in the threshold of past-year stress needed to trigger such effects. Stress sensitization was most evident among individuals with ⩾3 CAs.ConclusionsCA is associated with increased vulnerability to the deleterious mental health effects of adult stressors in both men and women. High levels of CA may represent a general diathesis for multiple types of psychopathology that persists throughout the life course.

scholarly journals Childhood Maltreatment, Stressful Life Events, and Alcohol Craving in Adult Drinkers

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2048-2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
June H. Kim ◽  
Silvia S. Martins ◽  
Dvora Shmulewitz ◽  
Julian Santaella ◽  
Melanie M. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Alcohol Craving

scholarly journals Reduced Hippocampal and Amygdala Volumes as Mechanisms of Stress Sensitization to Depression following Childhood Violence Exposure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Weissman ◽  
Hilary K. Lambert ◽  
Alexandra M. Rodman ◽  
Matthew Peverill ◽  
Margaret A. Sheridan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Stress Sensitization ◽  
Childhood Violence Exposure ◽  
Childhood Violence ◽  
Over Time

AbstractOBJECTIVEStressful life events are more likely to trigger depression among individuals exposed to childhood adversity. However, the mechanisms underlying this stress sensitization remain largely unknown. Any such mechanism must be altered by childhood adversity and interact with recent stressful life events, magnifying their association with depression. This study investigated whether reduced hippocampal and amygdala volumes are mechanisms of stress sensitization following childhood violence exposure.METHODSA sample of 149 youth (aged 8-17 years), with (N=76) and without (N=73) exposure to physical abuse, sexual abuse, or domestic violence participated. Participants completed a structural MRI scan and were assessed for symptoms of depression. Approximately two years later, stressful life events were assessed along with depression symptoms in 120 participants (57 violence-exposed).RESULTSChildhood violence exposure was associated with smaller hippocampal and amygdala volumes. Stressful life events occurring during the follow-up period predicted worsening depression over time, and this association was magnified among those with smaller hippocampal and amygdala volumes. Significant moderated mediation models revealed indirect effects of violence exposure on increasing depression over time through hippocampal and amygdala volumes, particularly among youths who experienced more stressful life events.CONCLUSIONSThese results provide novel evidence for reduced hippocampal and amygdala volumes as mechanisms of stress sensitization to depression following exposure to violence. These findings suggest that hippocampal and amygdala-mediated emotional and cognitive processes may contribute to vulnerability to stressful life events following childhood violence exposure.

Anxiety, depression and stressful life events among medical students: a prospective study in Antalya, Turkey

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Aktekin ◽  
Taha Karaman ◽  
Yesim Yigiter Senol ◽  
Sukru Erdem ◽  
Hakan Erengin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Anxiety Depression
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