The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on the psychological distress, positivity, and well-being of Australian police officers.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Harnett ◽  
Mark C. Kelly ◽  
Matthew J. Gullo
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Impact

Posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress in Rwandan refugees living in Zambia

2021 ◽  
pp. 008124632110318
Author(s):  
Victor Mwanamwambwa ◽  
Basil Joseph Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

The present study investigated posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress among Rwandan refugees living in the townships of Lusaka, Zambia. Refugees are often exposed to trauma and violence which leads to a wide range of psychological distress and mental disorders. Two hundred and sixty-seven refugees participated in the study. The sample consisted of older and younger adult refugees, 128 (47.9%) males and 139 (52.1%) females, from Lusaka. The Impact of Event Scale–Revised and the General Health Questionnaire-28 were administered to all participants. The study found that a significant number of participants reported posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress. About 76.8% endorsed posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. In addition, 31.8% reported somatic symptoms, 36.7% anxiety or insomnia, 27.3% social dysfunction, and 22.8% severe depression. Lower education ( p < .01), larger family size ( p < .001), lack of financial support ( p < .05), and being unemployed ( p < .001) were positively associated with posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress. Intervention strategies aimed at improving the lives of refugees should be ongoing and must encompass a well-articulated, structured refugee policy that emphasizes mental health and psychological needs.

Haunted by Pain, Fatigue, and Insomnia

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Doleys ◽  
Nicholas D. Doleys
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Consequences ◽  
Pain Recognition ◽  
The Impact

The impact of an accident or injury, even if the physical consequences seem relatively minor in nature, can have a prolonged effect on an individual’s psychological well-being. Emotionally traumatic, early-life experiences, have been linked to certain chronic pain problems. Some patients are embarrassed by the effect and feel they should be mentally strong enough to overcome it. Others submit to it and become immobilized. It can significantly magnify the experience of pain. Recognition and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder need not be overly complicated. Some cases may require referral to a specialist. Nightmares, flash backs, hypervigilance, and avoidance are common.

The Impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Partners and Children of Australian Vietnam Veterans

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Westerink ◽  
Leah Giarratano
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Vietnam Veterans ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This study explored the emotional and physical health of a group of families of Australian Vietnam veterans suffering posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim was to study the impact of PTSD upon the families of the sufferers. Method: The families of a random sample of Vietnam veterans receiving treatment at a specialist PTSD Unit were invited to participate in this study. Partners of the veterans and children over the age of 15 years were eligible to participate. Four selfreport psychometric inventories were administered assessing psychological distress, social climate within their families, self-esteem, and a range of lifestyle issues, including physical health. A control group, consisting of a sample of volunteers, was also surveyed. Results: The partners of the Vietnam veterans showed significantly higher levels of somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depression than the control group. They reported significantly less cohesion and expressiveness in their families and significantly higher levels of conflict. The partners also had significantly lower levels of self-esteem. The children of the veterans reported significantly higher levels of conflict in their families. However, the children showed no significant differences on measures of psychological distress and self-esteem from their matched counterparts. Conclusions: These findings support overseas studies that indicate that the families of PTSD sufferers are also impacted by the disorder. In this study, the families of Australian Vietnam veterans experienced more conflict and their partners were significantly more psychologically distressed (i.e. somatic symptoms, anxiety, insomnia, social dysfunction, depression and low self-esteem) than a matched control group.

Childbirth and Posttraumatic Stress Responses

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelco Olde ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber ◽  
Onno van der Hart ◽  
Victor J.M. Pop
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
The Impact

Childbirth has been identified as a possible traumatic experience, leading to traumatic stress responses and even to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in a group of women who recently gave birth (N = 435). In addition, a comparison was made between the original IES and the IES-R. The scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.88). Using confirmatory factor analysis no support was found for a three-factor structure of an intrusion, an avoidance, and a hyperarousal factor. Goodness of fit was only reasonable, even after fitting one intrusion item on the hyperarousal scale. The IES-R correlated significantly with scores on depression and anxiety self-rating scales, as well as with scores on a self-rating scale of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although the IES-R can be used for studying posttraumatic stress reactions in women who recently gave birth, the original IES proved to be a better instrument compared to the IES-R. It is concluded that adding the hyperarousal scale to the IES-R did not make the scale stronger.

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