The long-term medical risks of egg donation: Contributions through psychology.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
H. Deniz Kocas ◽  
Tonya Pavlenko ◽  
Ellen Yom ◽  
Lisa R. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Egg Donation ◽  
Medical Risks

Long-term medical risks to the living kidney donor

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngan N. Lam ◽  
Krista L. Lentine ◽  
Andrew S. Levey ◽  
Bertram L. Kasiske ◽  
Amit X. Garg
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Donor ◽  
Living Kidney Donor ◽  
Medical Risks

Teenage Pregnancy in Scotland: Trends and Risks

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 172-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rosenberg ◽  
H.P. McEwan
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
Medical Risks

Teenage pregnancy, considered to be associated with social and medical risks, is seen as a growing problem. Population based information from the Registrar General (Scotland) and Notification of Abortion permitted an analysis of the trends in the numbers, rates and outcomes of pregnancies among women aged less than 20 years. In addition, clinical information is available on all deliveries in Scottish hospitals from the standard hospital discharge document permitting analysis of the association of defined complications with age. Contrary to current perceptions, pregnancies and births among teenagers are not more frequent in 1988 when compared to 1975. There has been, however, a large increase in births to single women, a group with particular problems. The obstetric risks when compared to older women, are small and probably socially, not age related. These include a slightly higher rate of pre-term delivery and low birthweight and a later presentation for specialist antenatal care. The proportion of pregnancies affected by neural tube defects which are terminated is lower among women under 20. These medical risks are small, however, compared to the well-documented social and economic problems which will have long term and indirect effects on health.

O-097 The presentation of medical risks and incentives in egg donation: an analysis of Belgian, Spanish and UK fertility clinic websites

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Jacxsens ◽  
C Coveney ◽  
L Culley ◽  
C Herbrand ◽  
S Lafuente-Funes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Egg Donation ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Maximum Variation ◽  
Emotional Appeals ◽  
Egg Donors ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Medical Risks

Abstract Study question How do fertility clinics’ websites of the UK, Belgium and Spain present the medical risks of egg donation and incentives? Summary answer Spanish and UK websites typically included more incentives to recruit egg donors compared to the Belgian websites. OHSS was overall the most discussed risk. What is known already People commonly turn to the internet for initial information. Primary presentations of information of a subject co-determine how an individual interprets the topic and thus influence later decisions. Considering the growing demand and clinics’ dependency on egg donors, some scholars have expressed concerns that clinics might (initially) misrepresent risks to recruit more egg donors. Offering appealing incentives may also encourage potential donors to dismiss possible risks and side-effects. Therefore, it is important to see how incentives (both monetary and non-monetary rewards) and risks are presented on the websites of fertility clinics, the first source of information for egg donors. Study design, size, duration This study is part of the EDNA-project, a multi-phased comparative study (2017-2021), that aims to explore the social, political, economic and moral configuration of egg donation in the United Kingdom, Belgium and Spain. In this study, we only focused on the medical risks of egg donation and incentives presented on the fertility clinics’ websites of the three countries. Participants/materials, setting, methods We analysed the websites of all Belgian fertility clinics (n = 18), and a maximum variation sample in the UK (n = 21) and Spain (n = 23). The sampling was based on the geographical location of the clinic, size/number of cycles performed each year, the clinic’s status (independent or part of a larger clinical group) and whether the clinic was public or privately funded in the UK. Frame analysis and content analysis were used for analysis in Nvivo12. Main results and the role of chance No misrepresentation of risks was found. There was an extensive variety in the representation of risks. There were differences between the websites of the three countries (e.g. the risks of having acne was only discussed on Spanish websites), but also remarkable differences within the websites of a particular country (of the 40 risks, 13 were one-off mentions, each found on a single website). A description of a risk was generally accompanied by a minimization or normalization of the risk, or a statement about the fertility clinic’s excellent care for their egg donors. These three approaches were often combined. Our analysis differentiated between incentives (i.e. external rewards) and emotional appeals. An appeal to emotions (e.g. empathy) can also motivate behavioural action (e.g. donation) but was not considered as an incentive since there is no external reward. While Belgian websites used almost no incentives, Spanish and UK websites used gratitude and a rewarding experience as incentives. However, only Spanish websites used free medical tests as incentives, while UK websites were the only ones that used discounts received with egg sharing as an incentive. All countries’ websites used emotional appeals by enticing feelings of empathy for the recipients. Limitations, reasons for caution Not all UK and Spanish fertility clinics’ websites were analysed. However, our international team of researchers applied a maximum variation sampling strategy. This generated samples of clinics per country that were as diversified as possible. Wider implications of the findings The study shows that incentives are more often used on the UK and Spanish websites than on the Belgian websites. All three countries’ websites used emotional appeals. It should be studied how effective these incentives and emotional appeals are, and if there is a correlation with the potential donors’ risk-perceptions. Trial registration number not applicable

scholarly journals Transplant professionals vary in the long-term medical risks they communicate to potential living kidney donors: an international survey

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 3040-3045 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Housawi ◽  
A. Young ◽  
N. Boudville ◽  
H. Thiessen-Philbrook ◽  
N. Muirhead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Survey ◽  
Kidney Donors ◽  
Living Kidney Donors ◽  
Medical Risks

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

Brief summary of Kleť photographic search programme for minor planets

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
J. Tichá ◽  
M. Tichý ◽  
Z. Moravec
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
Main Belt

AbstractA long-term photographic search programme for minor planets was begun at the Kleť Observatory at the end of seventies using a 0.63-m Maksutov telescope, but with insufficient respect for long-arc follow-up astrometry. More than two thousand provisional designations were given to new Kleť discoveries. Since 1993 targeted follow-up astrometry of Kleť candidates has been performed with a 0.57-m reflector equipped with a CCD camera, and reliable orbits for many previous Kleť discoveries have been determined. The photographic programme results in more than 350 numbered minor planets credited to Kleť, one of the world's most prolific discovery sites. Nearly 50 per cent of them were numbered as a consequence of CCD follow-up observations since 1994.This brief summary describes the results of this Kleť photographic minor planet survey between 1977 and 1996. The majority of the Kleť photographic discoveries are main belt asteroids, but two Amor type asteroids and one Trojan have been found.

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