Shooting deaths of unarmed racial minorities: Understanding the role of racial stereotypes on decisions to shoot.

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Barsamian Kahn ◽  
Jean M. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Racial Stereotypes ◽  
Racial Minorities

The Role of Ideal Theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Liberal Society ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Ideal Society ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
Comprehensive Doctrines

This chapter discusses whether political liberalism’s commitment to ideal theory makes it ill-suited for theorizing about justice for socially subordinated groups such as women and racial minorities. It is shown that political liberalism’s commitment to ideal theory does not entail assuming away race or gender as social categories that give rise to concerns about justice. Even within a politically liberal well-ordered (ideal) society racial or gender inequalities may arise due to the role that beliefs about race or gender play in some persons’ comprehensive doctrines. Furthermore, it is argued that theories of justice developed for a well-ordered politically liberal society provide important guidance for correcting injustices on the basis of gender and race in nonideal societies.

Do More Professionalized Legislatures Discriminate Less? The Role of Staffers in Constituency Service

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-578
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Landgrave ◽  
Nicholas Weller
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Multiple Measures ◽  
Constituency Service

Research suggests that organizational structure can influence the ability of actors to discriminate. In this research note, we examine whether the structure of state legislatures affects observed discrimination in correspondent audit studies. We find that increased legislative professionalization is associated with reduced discrimination against racial minorities. By analyzing thousands of emails collected in a prior study, we find that legislative professionalization is related to a higher likelihood that staffers respond to email contacts and staffers are less likely to discriminate against racial minorities across multiple measures of discrimination. Our findings emphasize the importance of substantively relevant heterogeneity in audit studies and identify a potential mitigator of discrimination—legislative professionalism. Our results also highlight the importance of staffers in representation and the legislative process.

scholarly journals Benevolent racism; Pākehā attitudes and Māori men’s experiences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Frances Ruben
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Male Student ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Racial Stereotypes ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Manual Skills ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Shed Light

<p>Benevolent racism, racism that is expressed through seemingly positive beliefs and emotional responses, is shown to play an insidious role in upholding negative racial stereotypes and inequality. Although a considerable amount of research has been done on racism in Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ), very little has focused specifically on the prevalence and impacts of benevolent racism. This research comprises two studies to explore the role of benevolent racism in ANZ, focusing specifically on benevolent racism towards Māori men through expressions of their superior athletic and practical/manual skills. Study 1 (N = 312) was an experimental study which used multilevel modelling to predict the effects of benevolent racism on guidance given to a Māori male student. The results showed that as Pākehā endorsement of benevolent racism increased, Pākehā rated practical/manual activities to be increasingly important and school to be decreasingly important for a hypothetical Māori male student. In study 2 (N = 10), interviews explored the experiences of Māori men in ANZ and whether benevolent racism manifested in these experiences. A thematic analysis derived four main themes: Identity and Culture, Challenges, Whānau and Positive Experiences and the results highlighted that participants’ encounters of racism were predominantly of the hostile, rather than benevolent, sort. These findings shed light on the continued role of racism in ANZ and how it is linked to other aspects of Māori men’s experiences. These studies also highlight the need for a bottom-up exploration of the profile and functions of benevolent racism in ANZ.</p>

scholarly journals Afterword: Memory worlds in times of Corona

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Erll
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Racial Stereotypes ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
National Memory ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Rhythms

This afterword addresses the complex temporal and global dynamics of the coronavirus pandemic. After considering some of the new social rhythms that have emerged in the wake of Covid-19 around the world, it turns to the role of collective memory before, during and after corona. The aim is to provide a basic grid for how the Covid-19 pandemic could be addressed using memory studies expertise and concepts such as premediation, memorability, memory (ab)use, national memory, colonial memory, racial stereotypes, the digital archive, generational memory, or Anthropocene time.

The Cycle of Juvenile Court History

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lawrence Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
Juvenile Courts ◽  
Court Reform ◽  
Early Juvenile ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Private Charity ◽  
Detention Facilities

Some long-held assumptions about the origins of the juvenile courts have recently been challenged by Anthony M. Platt and Sanford J. Fox, who argue that middle-class and conservative in terests dominated the juvenile court movement. Generally, the efforts of these writers to correct previous exaggerated claims for the 1899 Illinois Juvenile Court Act are valid and valuable; how ever, both seem to overstate the claims that the reformers them selves made for the Act. Their evidence does not prove that the Act reflected an imposition of middle-class values upon immi grants, racial minorities, and the poor. Furthermore, they pay too little attention to the role of private charity in providing for the new detention facilities and probation services mandated by the 1899 legislation, they overlook the importance of probation as the keystone of juvenile court reform, and, reflecting a long standing tendency, they exaggerate and distort the meaning and role of informal procedures in the early juvenile courts. Under standing the significance of the basic elements and intellectual tendencies of the first juvenile courts can help put present controversies about juvenile court reform in perspective.

scholarly journals Anti-racist Critique Through Racial Stereotype Humour

Theoria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (169) ◽  
pp. 85-113
Keyword(s):  
Racial Stereotypes ◽  
Audience Reception ◽  
Stand Up Comedy ◽  
Racial Stereotype

This article discusses the persistent deployment of racial stereotypes in contemporary stand-up comedy and its potential hegemonic or counter-hegemonic effects. It asks whether racial stereotypes should be avoided or condemned altogether, considering the risks of interpretative ambiguity and offensiveness, or, alternatively, whether there are specific performative strategies and conditions that might make racial stereotype humour a powerful weapon in the anti-racist toolbox. As regards the first, several critiques are considered and it is shown that racial stereotype humour, and its reception, may harbour multiple, subtle forms of racism. In terms of defences, racial stereotype humour’s role of discharging stubborn psycho-affective investments is highlighted, as well as its function as ‘subversive play’. The article further pays special attention to aspects of audience reception (such as issues of missed subtlety and ‘clever’ laughter) and the importance of the comic’s racial positionality in performing racial stereotypes.

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