An evolutionary perspective on cooperative behavior in gamers.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant J. Devilly ◽  
Kathleen Brown ◽  
Ivan Pickert ◽  
Riley O'Donohue
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective

Religion als Anreiz für Kooperation

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria von der Leyen
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Moral Behavior ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
God's Will ◽  
Self Interest

AbstractMight religion function as an incentive for cooperation? This article defends that religion is an incentive for cooperation from both an evolutionary perspective (based on game-theoretical models) and a philosophical perspective. Religion (defined as god-fearing behavior) can be described as evolutionary advantageous since one refrained from actions perceived as immoral and contrary to God’s will. Under the assumption that god-fearing behavior is equal to cooperative behavior, god-fearing behavior is a corrective for ethical failure. However, even today religion can function as a corrective for ethical failure: religion can dissolve the contrast between morality and self-interest by promoting one’s ability to see an intrinsic value in cooperative, moral behavior.

scholarly journals Explaining human altruism

Synthese ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Vlerick
Keyword(s):  
Group Selection ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Reciprocal Altruism ◽  
Altruistic Behavior ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Cultural Group Selection ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Heated Debate

Abstract Humans often behave altruistically towards strangers with no chance of reciprocation. From an evolutionary perspective, this is puzzling. The evolution of altruistic cooperative behavior—in which an organism’s action reduces its fitness and increases the fitness of another organism (e.g. by sharing food)—only makes sense when it is directed at genetically related organisms (kin selection) or when one can expect the favor to be returned (reciprocal altruism). Therefore, evolutionary theorists such as Sober and Wilson have argued that we should revise Neo-Darwininian evolutionary theory. They argue that human altruism evolved through group selection in which groups of altruists were naturally selected because they had a comparative advantage over other groups. Wilson and Sober’s hypothesis attracted followers but is rejected by most of their peers. The heated debate between advocates and critics of group selection often suffers from a lack of conceptual clarity. In response, I set out to clearly distinguish ‘genetic’ from ‘cultural’ group selection (developed by Boyd, Richerson & Henrich) and argue that the latter does not face the potentially debilitating problems plaguing the former. I defend the claim that human altruistic dispositions evolved through cultural group selection and gene-culture coevolution and offer empirical evidence in support. I also argue that actual altruistic behavior often goes beyond the kind of behavior humans have evolved to display. Conscious and voluntary reasoning processes, I show, have an important role in altruistic behavior. This is often overlooked in the scientific literature on human altruism.

An Evolutionary Perspective on Music

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Diana Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Perspective
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