Supplemental Material for Effects of Varenicline on Cognitive Performance in Heavy Drinkers: Dose-Response Effects and Associations With Drinking Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Heavy Drinkers ◽  
Drinking Outcomes

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Exercise on Cognitive Performance in Individuals with Known Vascular Disease: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Brunt ◽  
David Albines ◽  
Diana Hopkins-Rosseel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Increased Risk

Patients with known vascular disease are at increased risk for cognitive impairments. Exercise has been shown to improve cognition in healthy elderly populations and those with mild cognitive impairments. We explored the literature to understand exercise as a modality to improve cognition in those with vascular disease, focusing on dose-responses. A systematic review was conducted through 2017 using Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane, Ovid Embase, and Ovid MEDLINE databases. Eligible studies examined effects of exercise on memory and cognition in cardiovascular (CVD) or cerebrovascular disease (CBVD). Data extracted included group characteristics, exercise dosage and outcomes measures employed. Twenty-two studies (12 CVD, 10 CBVD) met the inclusion criteria. Interventions included aerobic, resistance, or mixed training, with neuropsychological test batteries assessing cognition. In CVD populations, five studies demonstrated improved cardiovascular fitness and cognition with aerobic training, and another seven studies suggested a dose-response. In CBVD trials, four studies reported improved cognition, with no effects observed in the fifth study. Another study found enhanced cognition with resistance training and four demonstrated a positive association between functional capacity and cognition following combined aerobic and resistance training. Exercise is able to positively affect cognitive performance in those with known vascular disease. There is evidence to suggest a dose–response relationship. Further research is required to optimize prescription.

scholarly journals Dose-response effects of water supplementation on cognitive performance and mood in children and adults

Appetite ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 464-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline J. Edmonds ◽  
Laura Crosbie ◽  
Fareeha Fatima ◽  
Maryam Hussain ◽  
Nicole Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Water Supplementation

scholarly journals Investigating Potential Dose–Response Relationships between Vitamin D Status and Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Middle- to Older-Aged Adults in the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Janis D. Harse ◽  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Romola S. Bucks ◽  
Michael Hunter ◽  
Ee Mun Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum 25Ohd ◽  
Ageing Study ◽  
Global Cognition

Low vitamin D status has been linked to adverse cognitive outcomes in older adults. However, relationships at higher levels remain uncertain. We aimed to clarify patterns of association between vitamin D status and cognitive performance, using flexible regression methods, in 4872 middle- to older-aged adults (2678 females) from the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study. Cross-sectional associations of serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and performance in cognitive domains were modelled using linear regression and restricted cubic splines, controlling for demographic, lifestyle, and health factors. Mean ± SD serum 25OHD levels were 78 ± 24 nM/L for women and 85 ± 25 nM/L for men. Increasing levels in women were associated with better global cognition (linear trend, p = 0.023) and attention accuracy (continuity of attention), with improvement in the latter plateauing around levels of 80 nM/L (nonlinear trend, p = 0.035). In men, increasing levels of serum 25OHD were associated with better attention accuracy (linear trend, p = 0.022), but poorer semantic verbal fluency (linear trend, p = 0.025) and global cognition (nonlinear trend, p = 0.015). We identified patterns of association between serum 25OHD levels and cognitive performance that may reflect early dose–response relationships, particularly in women. Longitudinal analyses extending through to older ages may help to clarify the nature, strength, and temporality of these relationships.

Fish intake, n-3 fatty acid body status, and risk of cognitive decline: a systematic review and a dose–response meta-analysis of observational and experimental studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rena I Kosti ◽  
Maria I Kasdagli ◽  
Andreas Kyrozis ◽  
Nicola Orsini ◽  
Pagona Lagiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Context Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing supplementation with eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids have failed to provide evidence supporting a suggested inverse association between fish intake and dementia risk. Objective Dose–response analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between fish intake, all-cause dementia or Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and the effect of EPA/DHA supplementation on cognitive performance. Data Sources PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for original research evaluating either associations between fish intake and dementia or AD, or the impact of EPA and/or DHA supplementation on the risk of cognitive decline. Data Extraction Data were collected on study characteristics and methods; number of cases/deaths (for observational studies); categories of exposure; model covariates; risk estimates from the most-adjusted model; type and dosage of supplementation (from RCTs); fatty acid levels in blood; and differences in cognition test results before and after supplementation. Risk of bias was assessed through the ROBINS-E and RoB2.0 tools for observational and experimental studies, respectively. Data Analysis Weighted mixed-effects models were applied, allowing for the inclusion of studies with 2 levels of exposure. Based on findings with low/moderate risk of bias, fish intake of up to 2 portions (250 g) per week was associated with a 10% reduction (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79, 1.02, Ν = 5) in all-cause dementia and a 30% reduction (95% CI: 0.54, 0.89, Ν = 3) in AD risk. Changes in EPA and DHA body status had a positive impact on participants’ executive functions, but not on their overall cognitive performance. Conclusion The protection offered by fish intake against cognitive decline levels off at intakes higher than 2 portions/week and likely relates to the impact of EPA and DHA on the individual’s executive functions, although there remain questions about the mechanisms linking the short- and long-term effects. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42019139528.

Dose-response effects of water supplementation on cognitive performance in children

Appetite ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 230 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Edmonds ◽  
L. Crosbie ◽  
N. Jacob ◽  
M. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Water Supplementation

scholarly journals Exploring the Dose-Response Relationship between Resistance Exercise Intensity and Cognitive Function

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Kai Chang ◽  
Jennifer L. Etnier
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

The purpose of this study was to explore the dose-response relationship between resistance exercise intensity and cognitive performance. Sixty-eight participants were randomly assigned into control, 40%, 70%, or 100% of 10-repetition maximal resistance exercise groups. Participants were tested on Day 1 (baseline) and on Day 2 (measures were taken relative to performance of the treatment). Heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, self-reported arousal, and affect were assessed on both days. Cognitive performance was assessed on Day 1 and before and following treatment on Day 2. Results from regression analyses indicated that there is a significant linear effect of exercise intensity on information processing speed, and a significant quadratic trend for exercise intensity on executive function. Thus, there is a dose-response relationship between the intensity of resistance exercise and cognitive performance such that high-intensity exercise benefits speed of processing, but moderate intensity exercise is most beneficial for executive function.

Effects of nocturnal aircraft noise on cognitive performance in the following morning: dose–response relationships in laboratory and field

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 743-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva-Maria Elmenhorst ◽  
David Elmenhorst ◽  
Juergen Wenzel ◽  
Julia Quehl ◽  
Uwe Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
Morning Dose

scholarly journals The Association of Cognitive and Visual Function in a Nationally Representative Study of Older Adults in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Joshua R. Ehrlich ◽  
Tochukwu Ndukwe ◽  
Sandy Chien ◽  
Jinkook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Language Fluency ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Due to population aging, India is poised to experience a large increase in the burden of both dementia and vision impairment (VI). Prior studies from other settings suggest that VI may be a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. However, to date, no studies have examined the association of impaired visual acuity and cognition in India. Methods: A total of 3,784 participants in wave 1 of the population-based Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India underwent visual acuity testing and a cognitive test battery. Multivariable linear regression was used to model the cross-sectional associations of mild (<6/12–6/16), moderate (<6/18–6/60), and severe visual acuity impairment/blindness (<6/60) with cognitive performance scores corresponding to total cognition, orientation, memory, language/fluency, executive function, and informant-reported cognitive status. Models were adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics. Results: The weighted percentage of participants with any VI was 52.6%. VI was independently associated with lower cognitive scores across all domains, even after adjustment for known dementia risk factors. In fully adjusted models of total cognition (mean score: 130.7), mild, moderate, and severe VI/blindness were associated with a significant change of −3.5 (95% CI: −6.3, −0.6), −8.2 (95% CI −10.5, −5.6), and −16.8 (95% CI −22.3, −11.3) units, respectively. A dose-response association between level of VI and cognitive function was observed for all cognitive outcomes except for language/fluency domain scores. Associations were robust when cognitive tests dependent on visual function were excluded. Across each fully adjusted model of total, domain-specific, and informant-reported cognitive performance, moderate VI was equivalent to 5–9 years of cognitive aging. Discussion/Conclusion: This study illustrates that VI is cross-sectionally associated with lower cognitive performance, largely in a dose-response pattern, across various cognitive domains in the Indian population. These findings are important for informing future longitudinal and interventional studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document