Convergent and discriminant validity of alternative measures of maladaptive personality traits.

The Grit Scale measures perseverance of effort and consistency of interest. The objective of this study is to validate the Czech adaptation of the Short Grit Scale using a sample of N = 302 Czech university students. The analysis of item characteristics and factor structure revealed good results. To investigate convergent and discriminant validity, learning approaches and the Big Five personality traits were used. Latent correlations with the Big Five personality traits and the facets of conscientiousness revealed the expected relationships for grit and the facet perseverance of effort in particular. All in all, the results indicate the validity of the Czech version of the Grit Scale.

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Das Persönlichkeitsinventar für ICD-11: Reliabilität und Validität der deutschen Version in einer klinischen und nicht-klinischen Stichprobe

10.31219/osf.io/cm3qv ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Florian Damovsky ◽

Max Zettl ◽

Johannes Zimmermann ◽

Willy Herbold ◽

Theresa Curtius ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Factor Model ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Measurement Instrument ◽

German Version ◽

Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

International Statistical Classification

The 11th version of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) marks a paradigm shift in the diagnosis of personality disorders: In the near future, their classification will no longer be categorical, but dimensional along the severity of personality impairments and optionally regarding the presence of maladaptive personality traits. This study examines the reliability and validity of the German version of the Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD), a questionnaire designed to assess ICD-11 maladaptive personality domains, in a clinical and nonclinical sample (N = 939). The factor structure of the PiCD was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and showed a tendency for a four-factor model (Negative Affectivity, Dissociality, Detachment, and a bipolar factor Disinhibition-Anankastia). The subscales of the PiCD demonstrated acceptable to excellent reliability coefficients with Cronbach's α (.79 - .89) and McDonald's w (.76 - .90). Convergent and discriminant validity were examined in conjunction with other questionnaires and were found to be satisfactory. The results suggest that the German version of the PiCD is a reliable and largely valid measurement instrument for assessing ICD-11 maladaptive personality traits. However, further research on factor structure, appropriate cut-off as well as norm values is needed.

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Criterion A Scales: Convergent, Discriminant, and Structural Relationships

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191120947160 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 107319112094716

Author(s):

Gillian A. McCabe ◽

Joshua R. Oltmanns ◽

Thomas A. Widiger

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Criterion A ◽

Alternative Measures ◽

Pathological Personality Traits

The alternative model of personality disorder was created to address the apparent failings of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fourth edition–text revision personality disorder diagnostic categories and consists of Criterion A (i.e., personality functioning) and Criterion B (i.e., pathological personality traits). There are now four alternative measures of the Criterion A impairments but, perhaps surprisingly, no study has yet compared any one of them with any one of the other three. The current study assesses the convergent (and discriminant) validity of all four, as well as their structural relationship with the five-factor model (FFM), a widely accepted model for understanding the structure of normal and pathological personality traits. Exploratory structural equation modeling analyses of the Criterion A measures and FFM scales demonstrate that the Criterion A self-identity scale can be understood as a maladaptive variant of FFM neuroticism. Moreover, results indicate no appreciable discriminant validity in the assessment of the Criterion A impairments—the Criterion A scales correlated more highly within measures than across alternative measures, even when measuring the same construct. Implications of these findings for the conceptualization and assessment of Criterion A self and interpersonal impairments are discussed.

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The convergent and discriminant validity of the need for cognition

Psihologija ◽

10.2298/psi0902173t ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 173-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aleksandra Trogrlic ◽

Aleksandar Vasic

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Big Five ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Short Form ◽

Need For Cognition ◽

Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Serbian Version ◽

Cognition Scale

The Serbian version of the short form of the Need for Cognition Scale (NCS - Cacciopo et al., 1984) showed acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. In accordance with previous findings, the need for cognition is gender-independent and age-dependent construct. Correlations of the need for cognition with personality traits and intelligence are also in accordance with previous findings. Concerning the personality traits, the most salient correlates are authoritarianism, extraversion, Big Five openness to experience and neuroticism. There is, also, a marginally significant relationship between the need for cognition and conscientiousness. On the level of narrow cognitive abilities, the need for cognition is significantly associated with dimensions of serial and parallel processing. The g-factor has the same effect as the narrower aspects of cognitive functioning.

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What Does the Implicit Association Test Measure? A Test of the Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Prejudice-Related IATs

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1026//1618-3169.49.3.171 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 171-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Bertram Gawronski

Keyword(s):

Implicit Association Test ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Association Test ◽

Recent Criticism ◽

Implicit Association ◽

East Asians ◽

Student Sample ◽

Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽

Explicit Prejudice ◽

Turkish People

Abstract. Drawing on recent criticism of the Implicit Association Test (IAT), the present study tested the convergent and discriminant validity of two prejudice-related IATs to corresponding explicit prejudice measures in a German student sample (N = 61). Confirming convergent validity, (a) an IAT designed to assess negative associations related to Turkish people was significantly related to the explicit endorsement of prejudiced beliefs about Turkish people, and (b) an IAT designed to assess negative associations related to East Asians was significantly related to explicit prejudice against East Asians. Moreover, confirming discriminant validity, (c) the Asian IAT was unrelated to the explicit endorsement of prejudiced beliefs about Turkish people, and (d) the Turkish IAT was unrelated to explicit prejudice against Asian people. These results further corroborate the assumption that the IAT is a valid method to assess the strength of evaluative associations in the domain of prejudice and stereotypes.

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An Initial Investigation of the Use of Comparative Referents to Assess Social Anxiety

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000349 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 367-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laura D. Seligman ◽

Erin F. Swedish ◽

Jason P. Rose ◽

Jessica M. Baker

Keyword(s):

Social Anxiety ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Self Report ◽

Injunctive Norms ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽

Excellent Internal Consistency ◽

Social Quality Of Life ◽

Comparison Measures

Abstract. The current study examined the validity of two self-report measures of social anxiety constructed using social comparative referent points. It was hypothesized that these comparison measures would be both reliable and valid. Results indicated that two different comparative versions – one invoking injunctive norms and another invoking descriptive norms – showed good reliability, excellent internal consistency, and acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. The comparative measures also predicted positive functioning, some aspects of social quality of life, and social anxiety as measured by an independent self-report. These findings suggest that adding a comparative reference point to instructions on social anxiety measures may aid in the assessment of social anxiety.

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The Sorting Paired Features Task

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169.56.5.329 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 329-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Yoav Bar-Anan ◽

Brian A. Nosek ◽

Michelangelo Vianello

Keyword(s):

Discriminant Validity ◽

Association Measures ◽

Response Options ◽

Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽

Attitude Measures ◽

Stimulus Features ◽

Single Response

The sorting paired features (SPF) task measures four associations in a single response block. Using four response options (e.g., good-Republicans, bad-Republicans, good-Democrats, and bad-Democrats), each trial requires participants to categorize two stimuli at once to a category pair (e.g., wonderful-Clinton to good-Democrats). Unlike other association measures, the SPF requires simultaneous categorization of both components of the association in the same trial. Providing measurement flexibility, it is sensitive to both focal, attended concepts and nonfocal, unattended stimulus features (e.g., gender of individuals in a politics SPF). Three studies measure race, gender, and political evaluations, differentiate automatic evaluations between known groups, provide evidence of convergent and discriminant validity with other attitude measures, and illustrate the SPF’s unique measurement qualities.

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