Differences in the sense of identity between men with alcohol use disorder, drug use disorder, and control group.

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
Ewa Wojtynkiewicz ◽  
Marcin Sekowski ◽  
Magdalena Liberacka-Dwojak
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Drug Use Disorder

scholarly journals Co-Occurrence of Alcohol, Drug Use, DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disorder, and Symptoms of Drug Use Disorder on Both Sides of the U.S.-Mexico Border

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Borges ◽  
Sarah Zemore ◽  
Ricardo Orozco ◽  
Cheryl J. Cherpitel ◽  
Yu Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Drug Use Disorder ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Breathalyser-Based eHealth Data Suggest That Self-Reporting of Abstinence Is a Poor Outcome Measure for Alcohol Use Disorder Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku D Hämäläinen ◽  
Andreas Zetterström ◽  
Maria Winkvist ◽  
Marcus Söderquist ◽  
Patrik Öhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Aims To evaluate the efficacy and monitoring capabilities of a breathalyser-based eHealth system for patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and to investigate the quality and validity of timeline follow-back (TLFB) as outcome measure in clinical trials and treatment. Methods Patients (n = 115) were recruited to clinical trials from a 12-step aftercare programme (12S-ABS) and from hospital care with abstinence (HC-ABS) or controlled drinking (HC-CDR) as goal and randomly divided into an eHealth and a control group. The effect of the eHealth system was analysed with TLFB-derived primary outcomes—change in number of abstinent days (AbsDay) and heavy drinking days (HDDs) compared to baseline—and phosphatidyl ethanol (PEth) measurements. Validity and quality of TLFB were evaluated by comparison with breath alcohol content (BrAC) and eHealth digital biomarkers (DBs): Addiction Monitoring Index (AMI) and Maximum Time Between Tests (MTBT). TLFB reports were compared to eHealth data regarding reported abstinence. Results The primary outcome (TLFB) showed no significant difference between eHealth and control groups, but PEth did show a significant difference especially at months 2 and 3. Self-reported daily abstinence suffered from severe quality issues: of the 28-day TLFB reports showing full abstinence eHealth data falsified 34% (BrAC measurements), 39% (MTBT), 54% (AMI) and 68% (BrAC/MTBT/AMI). 12S-ABS and HC-ABS patients showed severe under-reporting. Conclusions No effect of the eHealth system was measured with TLFB, but a small positive effect was measured with PEth. The eHealth system revealed severe quality problems with TLFB, especially regarding abstinence—should measurement-based eHealth data replace TLFB as outcome measure for AUD?

scholarly journals Risk of Alcohol Use Disorder or Other Drug Use Disorder Among U.S. Service Members Following Traumatic Brain Injury, 2008–2011

2015 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas A. Johnson ◽  
Angelia Eick-Cost ◽  
Vicki Jeffries ◽  
Kevin Russell ◽  
Jean Lin Otto
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Drug Use Disorder

Study of brainstem auditory evoked response and biochemical markers in patients of alcohol use disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 193-200
Author(s):  
Mudassir Anis Siddiqui ◽  
Divya Srivastava ◽  
Sandeep Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Alcoholic Hepatitis ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Evoked Response ◽  
Transmission Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auditory Evoked Response ◽  
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response

Objectives: Data available on brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) and its correlation with biochemical parameters in patients of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in Indian population is scanty. Therefore, this study was undertaken to focus on the effects of AUD on BAER and liver enzymes. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 40 males in the study group who had AUD and 40 healthy males in the control group in the age group of 20–60 years. The BAER was performed using octopus NCS/ EMG/EP (Clarity) machine. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase and serum bilirubin were estimated in all the subjects. Results: We observed a highly significant increase in the absolute latencies of waves III and V and interpeak latencies (IPL) I-III and I-V of BAER in the patients of AUD in this study. Significant increase in the liver enzymes and especially AST/ALT ratio of patients of AUD was seen which indicated towards subclinical alcoholic hepatitis. The latencies of waves of EPs (waves III, V, IPL I-III and IPL I-V) were positively correlated with the biochemical parameters and duration of AUD. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that AUD lead to the increase in brainstem transmission time and also lead to subclinical alcoholic hepatitis which is reflected by the increase in the liver enzymes. We concluded that chronic alcohol consumption affected the auditory pathways and delayed the auditory transmission time which was suggestive of possible demyelination of auditory tracts.

scholarly journals A Cascade of Care for Alcohol Use Disorder: Using 2015-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health Data to Identify Gaps in Care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie M. Mintz ◽  
Sarah M. Hartz ◽  
Sherri L. Fisher ◽  
Alex T. Ramsey ◽  
Elvin H. Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cascade Of Care

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough effective treatments exist, alcohol use disorder (AUD) is undertreated. We used a cascade of care framework to understand gaps in care between diagnosis and treatment for persons with AUD.MethodsUsing 2015-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data, we evaluated the following steps in the cascade of care: 1) prevalence of adults with AUD; 2) proportion of adults who utilized health care in the past 12 months; 3) were screened about alcohol use; 4) received a brief intervention about alcohol misuse; 5) received information about treatment for alcohol misuse; and 6) proportion of persons with AUD who received treatment. Analyses were stratified by AUD severity.ResultsOf the 171,766 persons included in the sample, weighted prevalence of AUD was 7.9% (95% CI 7.7-8.0%). Persons with AUD utilized health care settings at similar rates as those without AUD. Cascades of care showed the majority of individuals with AUD utilized health care and were screened about alcohol use, but the percent who received the subsequent steps of care decreased substantially. For those with severe AUD, 83.5% (CI: 78.3%-88.7%) utilized health care in the past 12 months, 73.5% (CI: 68.1%-78.9%) were screened for alcohol use, 22.7% (CI: 19.4%-26.0%) received a brief intervention, 12.4% (CI: 10%-14.7%) received information about treatment, and 20.5% (CI: 18%-23.1%) were treated for AUD. The greatest decrease in the care continuum occurred from screening to brief intervention and referral to treatment. More persons with severe AUD received treatment than were referred, indicating other pathways to treatment outside of the healthcare system.ConclusionsPersons with AUD utilize health care at high rates and are frequently screened about alcohol use, but few receive treatment. Health care settings-particularly primary care settings-represent a prime opportunity to implement pharmacologic treatment for AUD to improve outcomes in this high-risk population.

Physical exercise in the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients affects their drinking habits: A randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Jensen ◽  
Charlotte Nielsen ◽  
Claus Thorn Ekstrøm ◽  
Kirsten K. Roessler
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Training Stimulus ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Training Frequency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the effect of exercise training on physical capacity and alcohol consumption in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients. Methods: One hundred and five AUD patients were randomly assigned to treatment as usual combined with running and brisk walking for 30–45 min twice a week, either in small supervised groups (GR) or individually (IND), or to a control group with no running (C). Assessments were made after 6 and 12 months of training. Results: Training volume was estimated as 36 min per training bout at an intensity of 78% of HRmax with no differences between GR and IND ( p>.05). A highly significant reduction in training frequency was seen in both training groups after the first month ( p<.0001). Only IND increased VO2max, by 5.7% ( p<.05), while no differences were seen between GR, IND and C. Alcohol intake decreased from 219 to 41 units per 30 days as the average for the entire sample with no significant difference of drinking outcomes between groups ( p<.0001). Conclusions: We saw an effect on drinking habits after running in both groups. However, no additional effect was seen when compared with the control group. A drop in the training frequency during the intervention might have resulted in an insignificant training stimulus.

A 6-Month Randomized Trial of a Smartphone Application, UControlDrink, in Aiding Recovery in Alcohol Use Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Conor Farren ◽  
Aoife Farrell ◽  
Aisling Hagerty ◽  
Cliodhna McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Control Group

<b><i>Background and Aims:</i></b> Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a substantial problem, causing early death and great economic burden. Research has highlighted the potential positive impact of technological interventions, such as smartphone applications (app) in treatment of AUD. The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a smartphone app, incorporating computerized cognitive behavioural therapy and text messaging support, on alcohol outcomes over 6 months in a post-rehabilitation setting. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 111 participants with AUD were recruited into this randomized controlled trial, following completion of a 30-day rehabilitation programme. The intervention group (<i>n</i> = 54) used the smartphone app “UControlDrink” (UCD) over 6 months with treatment as usual (TAU), and the control group (<i>n</i> = 57) received TAU. All subjects suffered from AUD as the primary disorder, with other major psychiatric disorders excluded. All intervention subjects used the UCD smartphone app in the treatment trial, and all subjects underwent TAU consisting of outpatient weekly support groups. Drinking history in the previous 90 days was measured at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Additional measurements were made to assess mood, anxiety, craving, and motivation. Results were analysed using intention-to-treat analyses. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Retention in the study was 72% at 3 months and 52% at 6 months. There was a significant reduction in heavy drinking days in the intervention group relative to TAU over the 6 months, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.02. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The UCD smartphone app demonstrates a significant benefit to reducing heavy drinking days over a 6-month post-rehabilitation period in AUD.

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