The formation of antisocial tendencies in veterans via combat excitement.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Senecal ◽  
MaryCatherine McDonald ◽  
Richard LaFleur ◽  
Charles Coey
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Tendencies

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Relationship Between Psychopathy and Greater Gray Matter Density in Lateral Prefrontal Cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Lasko ◽  
David Skylan Chester ◽  
Alexandra Martelli ◽  
Samuel James West ◽  
C. Nathan DeWall
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Gray Matter Density ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanisms ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies

Psychopathic traits predispose individuals toward antisocial behavior. Such antagonistic acts often result in 'unsuccessful’ outcomes such as incarceration. What mechanisms allow some people with relatively high levels of psychopathic traits to live ‘successful’, un-incarcerated lives, in spite of their antisocial tendencies? Using neuroimaging, we investigated the possibility that ‘successful’ psychopathic individuals exhibited greater development of neural structures that promote ‘successful’ self-regulation, focusing on the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC). Across two structural MRI studies of ‘successful’ participants (Study 1: N = 80 individuals in long-term romantic relationships; Study 2: N = 64 undergraduates), we observed that gray matter density in the left and right VLPFC was positively associated with psychopathic traits. These preliminary results support a compensatory model of psychopathy, in which ‘successful’ psychopathic individuals develop inhibitory mechanisms to compensate for their antisocial tendencies. Traditional models of psychopathy that emphasize deficits may be aided by such compensatory models that identify surfeits in neural and psychological processes.

Too tempting to resist? Self-control moderates the relationship between narcissism and antisocial tendencies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi Fatfouta ◽  
Radosław Rogoza ◽  
Piotr Paweł Brud ◽  
Katrin Rentzsch
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Behavioral Indicators ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interpersonal Transgression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies ◽  
Moderating Role

Previous research highlights that narcissism predicts a wide range of antisocial tendencies. We propose that the expression of such tendencies is contingent on the level of dispositional self-control. Three independent studies (Ntotal = 1,458) using three different narcissism measures and self-reported as well as behavioral indicators of antisocial tendencies tested this moderation hypothesis. In Study 1, antagonistic narcissism was positively related to self-reported revenge following an interpersonal transgression and this relationship was weakened among individuals high (vs. low) in self-control. Studies 2 and 3 conceptually replicated this finding using different narcissism measures, respectively, and trait (Study 2) as well as behaviorally assessed aggression (Study 3) as outcome variables. Results support the moderating role of self-control in the antagonistic narcissism-antisociality link.

Mendelian randomization: A novel test of the gateway hypothesis and models of gene–environment interplay

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1181-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Irons ◽  
Matt McGue ◽  
William G. Iacono ◽  
William S. Oetting
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Drinking ◽  
Gateway Hypothesis ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Normal Enzyme ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies

AbstractTo determine if drinking behavior in adolescence provides a “gateway” leading to the misuse of other psychoactive substances and antisocial behavior, we genotyped 180 Asian adolescent adoptees to determine if they inherited the deficient from of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) enzyme that is important in the metabolism of alcohol. Based on the gateway model, we hypothesized that those with normal enzyme activity (70% of the sample) who began to misuse alcohol would also misuse other drugs and display antisocial tendencies. Those with the enzyme deficiency (30%), because they experience unpleasant side effects associated with drinking, were expected to show less evidence of alcohol misuse and thus be less likely to progress to the misuse of other substances or engage in antisocial acts. Consistent with previous research, we found that ALDH2 deficiency was significantly associated with lower rates of drinking and getting drunk but not with ever having tried alcohol. Contrary to the gateway model, we found no evidence that ALDH2 deficiency was associated with lower rates of nonalcohol substance use or antisociality. Finally, in an examination of factors that may moderate the impact of the metabolic protection because of ALDH2 deficiency, we identified siblings rather than parents as the major source of familial environmental effect on adolescent drinking.

scholarly journals Adolescent Delinquency and Antisocial Tendencies as Precursors to Adult Violent Offending

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arja Laubacher ◽  
Astrid Rossegger ◽  
Jérôme Endrass ◽  
Jules Angst ◽  
Frank Urbaniok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Delinquency ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies

scholarly journals Psychological diagnostic of risk factors for involving adolescents in the use of narcotic substances: the development of a methodical complex. Part 2. Criterion validity and analysis of profles

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
E. G. Demenko ◽  
E. I. Rasskazova ◽  
A. Sh. Tkhostov ◽  
E. A. Brun ◽  
B. V. Arshinova
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Protective Response ◽  
Complex Part ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies ◽  
Technological Addictions

Te second part of the paper presents the results of testing the criterion validity of the methodological complex scales conducted on a sample of 637 pupils of the upper grades of general education schools from 12 constituent entities of the Russian Federation and 108 pupils involved in the use of narcotic substances. Pupils using narcotic substances are characterized by a tendency to technological addictions, antisocial tendencies, difculties in self-regulation accompanied by overestimation of the own ability to control emotions, denying the interest for novelty, risky behavior and avoidance as well as difculties in child-parent relations. Some of these factors are manifested in those with a protective response strategy and others — in those with an open demonstration of difculties, which allows us to separate the two risk profles. In pupils appraising their ability to control emotions as high, the risk of involvement in the use of narcotic substances is associated with either a demonstrating or an illusory excessively «prosperous» profle: an overestimation of own emotional control and social support, denial of avoidance, denial of interest for novelty and risky behavior. In pupils appraising their ability to control emotions as low, the risk is higher in those with higher rates of technological addictions, antisocial tendencies, difculties in self-regulation and in child-parent relationships.

scholarly journals Pretending to Be Better Than They Are? Emotional Manipulation in Imprisoned Fraudsters

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianglong Wang ◽  
Zhenbiao Liu ◽  
Edward M. Bernat ◽  
Anthony A. Vivino ◽  
Zilu Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Task ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Medium Security ◽  
Emotional Face ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies ◽  
Better Than

Fraud can cause severe financial losses and affect the physical and mental health of victims. This study aimed to explore the manipulative characteristics of fraudsters and their relationship with other psychological variables. Thirty-four fraudsters were selected from a medium-security prison in China, and thirty-one healthy participants were recruited online. Both groups completed an emotional face-recognition task and self-report measures assaying emotional manipulation, psychopathy, emotion recognition, and empathy. Results showed that imprisoned fraudsters had higher accuracy in identifying fear and surprise faces but lower accuracy in identifying happiness than controls (t = 5.26, p < 0.001; t = 2.38, p < 0.05; t = 3.75, p < 0.001). Significantly lower scores on non-prosocial factors on the Managing the Emotions of Others scale (MEOS) were found for imprisoned fraudsters, relative to controls (t = 3.21, p < 0.01). Imprisoned fraudsters had low scores in the assessment of psychopathy than the control group, especially Factor 1 (t = 2.04, p = 0.05). For empathy, imprisoned fraudsters had significantly higher scores in perspective-taking than controls (t = 2.03, p = 0.05). Correlation analyses revealed that psychopathic traits were positively correlated with non-prosocial factors in both groups. However, the relationships between emotional manipulation and emotional recognition and empathy were not consistent across the groups. The results suggest that fraudsters may pretend to be as prosocial as healthy controls, who had lower antisocial tendencies, normal empathy ability, and would like to manipulate others’ emotions positively during social interaction.

scholarly journals Reducing the Overlap Between Machiavellianism and Subclinical Psychopathy: The M7 and P7 Scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Grosz ◽  
Peter D. Harms ◽  
Michael Dufner ◽  
Livia Kraft ◽  
Eunike Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Language And Gender ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Stability Measurement ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Latent Traits ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies

Machiavellianism (Mach) and subclinical psychopathy are two widely studied antagonistic personality traits with distinct theoretical conceptualizations. Mach is conceptualized by strategic deviousness, cynicism, and pragmatic morality, whereas subclinical psychopathy is conceptualized by impulsive antisocial tendencies, callousness, and rule-breaking. However, existing measures of the two traits are typically highly correlated and have very similar nomological networks. Notably, even though psychopathy scales should be more strongly positively associated with antisocial impulsivity and more strongly negatively associated with conscientiousness than Mach scales, existing Mach and psychopathy scales tend to be similarly related to these constructs. We created a new Mach scale, the M7, and a new psychopathy scale, the P7, by selecting items from existing Mach and psychopathy scales on the basis of the correlations of these items with antisocial impulsivity and conscientiousness. Across three studies (combined N = 4,607), the M7 and P7 showed acceptable to good psychometric properties in terms of closeness to unidimensionality, measurement precision, temporal stability, measurement invariance across language and gender groups, and convergent and discriminant validity (nomological network, self-other agreement, and interpersonal perceptions in group interactions). Most importantly, the new scales assess clearly distinct latent traits that are more in line with their theoretical conceptualizations than established scales are.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Relationship Between Psychopathy and Greater Gray Matter Density in Lateral Prefrontal Cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Lasko ◽  
David Skylan Chester ◽  
Alexandra Martelli ◽  
Samuel James West ◽  
C. Nathan DeWall
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Gray Matter Density ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanisms ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies

Psychopathic traits predispose individuals toward antisocial behavior. Such antagonistic acts often result in ‘unsuccessful’ outcomes such as incarceration. What mechanisms allow some people with relatively high levels of psychopathic traits to live ‘successful’, un-incarcerated lives, in spite of their antisocial tendencies? Using neuroimaging, we investigated the possibility that ‘successful’ psychopathic individuals exhibited greater development of neural structures that promote ‘successful’ self-regulation, focusing on the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC). Across two structural MRI studies of ‘successful’ participants (Study 1: N = 80 individuals in long-term romantic relationships; Study 2: N = 64 undergraduates), we observed that gray matter density in the left and right VLPFC was positively associated with psychopathic traits. These preliminary results support a compensatory model of psychopathy, in which ‘successful’ psychopathic individuals develop inhibitory mechanisms to compensate for their antisocial tendencies. Traditional models of psychopathy that emphasize deficits may be aided by such compensatory models that identify surfeits in neural and psychological processes.

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