scholarly journals Longitudinal association of intraindividual variability with cognitive decline and dementia: A meta-analysis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 669-678
Author(s):  
Rachael Mumme ◽  
Maria Pushpanathan ◽  
Sara Donaldson ◽  
Michael Weinborn ◽  
Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intraindividual Variability ◽  
Longitudinal Association

scholarly journals Longitudinal association between CRP levels and risk of psychosis: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele F. Osimo ◽  
Luke Baxter ◽  
Jan Stochl ◽  
Benjamin I. Perry ◽  
Stephen A. Metcalf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Suspected Infection ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractMeta-analyses of cross-sectional studies suggest that patients with psychosis have higher circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) compared with healthy controls; however, cause and effect is unclear. We examined the prospective association between CRP levels and subsequent risk of developing a psychotic disorder by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Databases were searched for prospective studies of CRP and psychosis. We obtained unpublished results, including adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol use, and socioeconomic status and suspected infection (CRP > 10 mg/L). Based on random effect meta-analysis of 89,792 participants (494 incident cases of psychosis at follow-up), the pooled odds ratio (OR) for psychosis for participants with high (>3 mg/L), as compared to low (≤3 mg/L) CRP levels at baseline was 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–2.07). Evidence for this association remained after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted OR [aOR] = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.03–1.66). After excluding participants with suspected infection, the OR for psychosis was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.06–1.74), but the association attenuated after controlling for confounders (aOR = 1.23; 95% CI, 0.95–1.60). Using CRP as a continuous variable, the pooled OR for psychosis per standard deviation increase in log(CRP) was 1.11 (95% CI, 0.93–1.34), and this association further attenuated after controlling for confounders (aOR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.90–1.27) and excluding participants with suspected infection (aOR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.92–1.24). There was no association using CRP as a categorical variable (low, medium or high). While we provide some evidence of a longitudinal association between high CRP (>3 mg/L) and psychosis, larger studies are required to enable definitive conclusions.

scholarly journals Physical activity and risk of cognitive decline: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

2010 ◽  
Vol 269 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sofi ◽  
D. Valecchi ◽  
D. Bacci ◽  
R. Abbate ◽  
G. F. Gensini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis

Household-Level Lifestyle Interventions for the Prevention of Cognitive Decline; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Costello ◽  
Christine McCarthy ◽  
Conor Judge ◽  
Karen Dennehy ◽  
Clodagh McDermott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Household Level

Long-Term Cognitive Decline After Stroke: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica W. Lo ◽  
John D. Crawford ◽  
David W. Desmond ◽  
Hee-Joon Bae ◽  
Jae-Sung Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Global Cognition

Background and Purpose: Poststroke cognitive impairment is common, but the trajectory and magnitude of cognitive decline after stroke is unclear. We examined the course and determinants of cognitive change after stroke using individual participant data from the Stroke and Cognition Consortium. Methods: Nine longitudinal hospital-based cohorts from 7 countries were included. Neuropsychological test scores and normative data were used to calculate standardized scores for global cognition and 5 cognitive domains. One-step individual participant data meta-analysis was used to examine the rate of change in cognitive function and risk factors for cognitive decline after stroke. Stroke-free controls were included to examine rate differences. Based on the literature and our own data that showed short-term improvement in cognitive function after stroke, key analyses were restricted to the period beginning 1-year poststroke to focus on its long-term effects. Results: A total of 1488 patients (mean age, 66.3 years; SD, 11.1; 98% ischemic stroke) were followed for a median of 2.68 years (25th–75th percentile: 1.21–4.14 years). After an initial period of improvement through up to 1-year poststroke, decline was seen in global cognition and all domains except executive function after adjusting for age, sex, education, vascular risk factors, and stroke characteristics (−0.053 SD/year [95% CI, −0.073 to −0.033]; P <0.001 for global cognition). Recurrent stroke and older age were associated with faster decline. Decline was significantly faster in patients with stroke compared with controls (difference=−0.078 SD/year [95% CI, −0.11 to −0.045]; P <0.001 for global cognition in a subgroup analysis). Conclusions: Patients with stroke experience cognitive decline that is faster than that of stroke-free controls from 1 to 3 years after onset. An increased rate of decline is associated with older age and recurrent stroke.

Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability Increases Risks of Dementia and Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingping Jia ◽  
Helen W.Y. Lee ◽  
Joyce Y.C. Chan ◽  
Karen K.L. Yiu ◽  
Kelvin K.F. Tsoi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Meta Regression

High blood pressure (BP) is considered as an important risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. BP variability (BPV) may contribute to cognitive function decline or even dementia regardless of BP level. This study aims to investigate whether BPV is an independent predictor for cognitive impairment or dementia. Literature searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science to May 2021. Longitudinal studies that assessed the risk of dementia or cognitive impairment with BPV as the predictor was included. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed to evaluate the effect of BPV on the risk of dementia or cognitive impairment. A total of 5919 papers were identified, and 16 longitudinal studies were included, which had >7 million participants and a median age from 50.9 to 79.9 years and a median follow-up of around 4 years. Thirteen studies reported visit-to-visit BPV and concluded that systolic BPV increases the risk of dementia with a pooled hazard ratio of 1.11 (95% CI, 1.05–1.17), and increases the risk of cognitive impairment with a pooled hazard ratio of 1.10 (95% CI, 1.06–1.15). Visit-to-visit diastolic BPV also increased the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. A meta-regression revealed a linear relationship between higher BPV and risks of dementia and cognitive impairment. Similar findings were observed in the studies with day-to-day BPV. This study suggests that long-term BPV is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment or dementia, so an intervention plan for reducing BPV can be a target for early prevention of dementia.

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