scholarly journals The cognitive effects of anticholinergic drugs on apolipoprotein ε4 carriers and noncarriers in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
Brian G. Collin ◽  
Dheeraj Raju ◽  
Steven Katsikas
Keyword(s):  
Anticholinergic Drugs ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Apolipoprotein Ε4

Neurocognition in Menopause and Reproductive Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 189-212
Author(s):  
Kelly N. Morgan ◽  
Kejal Kantarci ◽  
Sanjay Asthana ◽  
Carey E. Gleason
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Gonadal Hormone ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Exogenous Estrogen ◽  
Late Intervention

The gonadal hormone estrogen is influential in numerous cognitive processes. Various brain regions outside of those directing sexual and reproduction functions have estrogen receptors. Subsequently, data suggest that shifts in hormone profiles causing significant alteration in estrogen levels alter cognition, including menopause, hysterectomy, and disease processes such as polycystic ovary disease and Turner’s syndrome. The cognitive effects of estrogen declines associated with menopause, hysterectomy, and endocrine diseases are reviewed in this chapter. It also summarizes the extant literature examining the effects of hormone therapy on cognition with a focus on the Women’s Health Initiative’s Memory Study, the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study–Cognitive and Affective Study, and the Early Versus Late Intervention Trial with Estradiol. Although controversies remain, an emerging theme is that exogenous estrogen is neither beneficial nor harmful when administered around the time of menopause. However, the cognitive effects may be dependent on the health of the neuronal substrate. Finally, the chapter highlights some of many remaining controversies related to cognitive effects of hormone therapy.

The Effect of Dietary Glutathione and Coenzyme Q10 on the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Russell ◽  
Smith ◽  
Bronson ◽  
Milbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Pre Treatment

Because reactive oxygen species have been implicated as mediators of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we evaluated the potential preventive and therapeutic effects of two dietary antioxidants, glutathione (GSH) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Fifty female 8-wk old Swiss-Webster mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups for a pre-treatment 'prevention' study: (1) GSH (1% of diet); (2) CoQ10 (200 mg/kg/d); (3) DSS only (3% of drinking water); (4) control (no treatment). The mice in groups 1 and 2 were fed with GSH or CoQ10 for 21 wks, and the mice in groups 1, 2 and 3 were provided DSS from wk 7 for 4 cycles (1 cycle = 1 wk DSS followed by 2-wk water). Another 50 mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups for a 21-wk 'treatment' study where the mice in groups 1, 2, and 3 were administered DSS for 6 cycles (18 wks) to induce colitis. GSH and CoQ10 were added from wk 7 until the completion of the protocol. Loose stools and hemocult positivity were modestly but significantly reduced with GSH or CoQ10 at several periods during the intervention in both the prevention and treatment studies. In contrast, histological evaluation revealed increases in colonic dysplasia and ulceration with GSH or CoQ10. Thus, in this mouse model, GSH and CoQ10 appear to have a beneficial effect on acute signs of IBD, but may have an adverse impact on the chronic pathophysiology of the disease. Further studies using additional animal models are required to determine whether GSH or CoQ10 provide a favorable or unfavorable benefit:risk ratio in the prevention or treatment of IBD.

Perceptual and cognitive effects due to operational factors

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence E. Rash ◽  
Keith L. Hiatt ◽  
Robert M. Wildzunas ◽  
J. Lynn Caldwell ◽  
John A. Caldwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Operational Factors

Exaggerating emotional expression: Physiological and cognitive effects

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Schmeichel ◽  
Heath Demaree ◽  
Jennifer Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Cognitive Effects

Cognitive Effects of Methadone and Alcohol in Methadone-Maintained Volunteers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethea A. Kleykamp ◽  
Ryan G. Vandrey ◽  
George E. Bigelow ◽  
Eric C. Strain ◽  
Miriam Z. Mintzer
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Effects
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