Impaired set-shifting in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: An event-related potential study of executive function.

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Lange ◽  
Maj-Britt Vogts ◽  
Caroline Seer ◽  
Stefanie Fürkötter ◽  
Susanne Abdulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Potential Study ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

scholarly journals Syntactic Comprehension in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentarou Yoshizawa ◽  
Nao Yasuda ◽  
Michinari Fukuda ◽  
Yumi Yukimoto ◽  
Mieko Ogino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Frontal Assessment Battery ◽  
Auditory Comprehension ◽  
Assessment Battery ◽  
Visuospatial Function ◽  
Bulbar Onset ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Recent neuropsychological studies of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have demonstrated that some patients have aphasic symptoms, including impaired syntactic comprehension. However, it is not known if syntactic comprehension disorder is related to executive and visuospatial dysfunction. In this study, we evaluated syntactic comprehension using the Syntax Test for Aphasia (STA) auditory comprehension task, frontal executive function using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), visuospatial function using Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM), and dementia using the Hasegawa Dementia Scale-Revised (HDS-R) in 25 patients with ALS. Of the 25 patients, 18 (72%) had syntactic comprehension disorder (STA score < IV), nine (36%) had frontal executive dysfunction (FAB score < 14), six (24%) had visuospatial dysfunction (RCPM score < 24), and none had dementia (HDS-R score < 20). Nine of the 18 patients with syntactic comprehension disorder (50%) passed the FAB and RCPM. Although sample size was small, these patients had a low STA score but normal FAB and RCPM score. All patients with bulbar onset ALS had syntactic comprehension disorder. These results indicate that it might be necessary to assess syntactic comprehension in patients with bulbar onset ALS. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the pathological continuum of ALS.

Neural correlates of cognitive set shifting in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (12) ◽  
pp. 3537-3545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Lange ◽  
Christian Lange ◽  
Max Joop ◽  
Caroline Seer ◽  
Reinhard Dengler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Cognitive Set ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

scholarly journals ALS and Frontotemporal Dysfunction: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Y. Achi ◽  
Stacy A. Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Noninvasive Ventilation ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Feeding Tubes ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Though once believed to be a disease that was limited to the motor system, it is now apparent that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may be associated with cognitive changes in some patients. Changes are consistent with frontotemporal dysfunction, and may range from mild abnormalities only recognized with formal neuropsychological testing, to profound frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Executive function, behavior, and language are the most likely areas to be involved. Screening helpful in detecting abnormalities includes verbal or categorical fluency, behavioral inventories filled out by the caregiver, and evaluation for the presence of depression and pseudobulbar affect. Patients with cognitive dysfunction have shortened survival and may be less compliant with recommendations regarding use of feeding tubes and noninvasive ventilation. Evolving knowledge of genetic and pathological links between ALS and FTD has allowed us to better understand the overlapping spectrum of ALS and FTD.

scholarly journals Localization of Brain Networks Engaged by the Sustained Attention to Response Task Provides Quantitative Markers of Executive Impairment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 4834-4846
Author(s):  
Roisin McMackin ◽  
Stefan Dukic ◽  
Emmet Costello ◽  
Marta Pinto-Grau ◽  
Antonio Fasano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Response Task ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract Objective: To identify cortical regions engaged during the sustained attention to response task (SART) and characterize changes in their activity associated with the neurodegenerative condition amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from 33 controls and 23 ALS patients during a SART paradigm. Differences in associated event-related potential peaks were measured for Go and NoGo trials. Sources active during these peaks were localized, and ALS-associated differences were quantified. Results: Go and NoGo N2 and P3 peak sources were localized to the left primary motor cortex, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and lateral posterior parietal cortex (PPC). NoGo trials evoked greater bilateral medial PPC activity during N2 and lesser left insular, PPC and DLPFC activity during P3. Widespread cortical hyperactivity was identified in ALS during P3. Changes in the inferior parietal lobule and insular activity provided very good discrimination (AUROC &gt; 0.75) between patients and controls. Activation of the right precuneus during P3 related to greater executive function in ALS, indicative of a compensatory role. Interpretation: The SART engages numerous frontal and parietal cortical structures. SART–EEG measures correlate with specific cognitive impairments that can be localized to specific structures, aiding in differential diagnosis.

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