scholarly journals Men’s collective action willingness: Testing different theoretical models of protesting gender inequality for women and men.

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Theoretical Models

scholarly journals Addressing gender inequality: Stumbling blocks and roads ahead

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thekla Morgenroth ◽  
Michelle K. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Workplace Diversity ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Gender Research

Despite many positive changes in terms of gender equality in recent decades, women remain underrepresented in positions of power and prestige, and continue to shoulder disproportionate amounts of unpaid domestic labor. This special issue brings together an examination of the different ways in which gender inequality can be addressed, the efficacy of such approaches, and the consequences these approaches can have. In this introduction to the special issue, we discuss the focus of past and present gender research and outline issues which have received less attention. We further give an overview of the papers in this special issue, which focus on a diverse range of ways in which gender inequality can be addressed, such as collective action, workplace diversity initiatives and parental leave policies, gender-fair language, and government policies. Taken together, these papers illustrate (a) the importance of ensuring that initiatives are evidence-based, (b) the ways in which we can maximize the effectiveness of interventions, and (c) the need to understand when these initiatives may inadvertently backfire.

scholarly journals Women's Collective Action for Empowerment in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lockley ◽  
Lies Marcoes ◽  
Kharisma Nugroho ◽  
Abby Gina Boang-Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Community Center ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Document Review ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p>Women’s collective action has been used by women’s group in Indonesia since early 20<sup>th</sup> century. The collective action of women in this study is defined as the formal or informal formation and activity of goups or networks of predominantly women that aim to bring about positive changes in women’s lives.  Eight case studies of women’s collective actions discussed in this study reveal variety of backgrounds, motives and agencies in those collective actions. This variety exist due to the different and specific conditions and needs of each of the women’s groups. The object of the study in this research were eight collective actions, namely: Balai Sakinah ‘Aisyiyah (BSA), Serikat Perempuan Kepala Keluarga (PEKKA), Sekolah Perempuan, Koalisi Perempuan Indonesia Parepare branch, MUIWO, Kelompok Bunda Kreatif, Community Center, and Posko Lestari and Posko Mentari. The data of the research were collected through document review, surveys, and in-depth interviews. This research finds that the involvement of women in collective actions stem from gender inequality that they experience in their daily lives. Through the collective actions the women were empowered to strengthen their access to social services and legal protection. This research also finds there were growing understanding about the concept of gender inequality among the women who involved in the collective actions.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Social and Psychological Readiness to Take Collective Action Against Violence Against Women: A Mixed Methods Study of Informal Settlements in Mumbai, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780122097136
Author(s):  
Lu Gram ◽  
Proshant Chakraborty ◽  
Nayreen Daruwalla ◽  
David Osrin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Community Capacity ◽  
Mixed Methods Study

Past failures to mobilize communities in collective action against violence against women (VAW) have been ascribed to contextual challenges, but researchers have not systematically mapped community capacity for collective action against VAW. We conducted a mixed methods study in Mumbai, India using quantitative data from a household survey ( n = 2,642) and qualitative data from 264 community meetings. We found attitudes supporting gender inequality and violence coexisted with significant enthusiasm and support for collective action against VAW. These findings open up avenues for policymakers to treat communities as less vulnerable and more capable of changing situations and problems that affect them.

scholarly journals “We for She”: Mobilising men and women to act in solidarity for gender equality

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Subašić ◽  
Stephanie Hardacre ◽  
Benjamin Elton ◽  
Nyla R. Branscombe ◽  
Michelle K. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Policy Experiments ◽  
Political Solidarity

Gender (in)equality is typically studied as a women’s issue to be addressed via systemic measures (e.g., government policy). As such, research focusing on mobilising men (and women) towards achieving gender equality is rare. In contrast, this paper examines the mobilisation of both men and women towards gender equality as common cause. Experiment 1 shows that men’s collective action intentions increase after reading messages that position men as agents of change towards gender equality, compared to messages that frame this issue as stemming from inadequate government policy. Experiments 2 and 3 demonstrate that messages framing gender equality as an issue for both men and women increase men’s collective action intentions, compared to when gender inequality is framed as primarily concerning women. However, this effect emerges primarily under conditions where the source of message is male (Experiment 3). Practical and theoretical implications for mobilising political solidarity in gender equality contexts are discussed.

scholarly journals Drivers of institutional innovation in networks: unleashing the innovation potential of domesticated markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 414-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter MG Van Bockhaven ◽  
Paul Matthyssens ◽  
Koen Vandenbempt
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Action Network ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to apply innovation networks (INs) theory to the context of domesticated markets, where innovation triggers deinstitutionalization. In such contexts, the success of INs depends on their capacity to transform the business field in which they are embedded, so that it accommodates innovative business models. Such “institutional INs” beget a meso-level finality, and this poses different requirement on their effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to confront extant models of collaborative innovation in networks with this specific context to offer exploratory insights into how innovation can be achieved in domesticated contexts and what the differential implications are for network configurations and strategic “reinstitutionalization” practices. Design/methodology/approach – Based on an illustrative embedded case study in the Dutch steel industry, a framework offering indications on the effectiveness of discrete configurational dimensions and their fit with reinstitutionalization practices for institutional INs is suggested. The case builds on 26 semi-structured interviews and 4 focus groups with top managers in the industry. As the aim is to extend theoretical models of INs to this under-researched context, an abductive approach to theorizing, consistent with the extended case method, is adopted. Findings – Findings suggest that collaborating to redesign an institutionalized business field collectively implies a more explicit attention to interdependencies within the business field. Practical implications – Besides suggesting modifications to extant frames regarding heterogeneity in and the configuration of networks, this paper has some practical implications. The framework proposed offers managers some support in the largely ignored issue of developing a collective action network. With these findings, we aspire to stimulate further research into this relevant, yet underdeveloped, topic. Originality/value – The study extends IN theory toward innovation realization in domesticated contexts. In such contexts, IN’s success depends on their capacity to transform the business field in which they are embedded, so that it enables innovative ways of creating end-customer value. Besides suggesting a new area for theorizing about innovation networks, institutional innovation networks are also a useful template for institutional innovation and collective action research. The paper offers a framework to support managers in the largely ignored challenge of developing a collective action network. In an increasingly transparent, connected and consolidated business environment, such a challenge becomes ever more essential.

Ideas and Leaders in Contentious Politics: One Parish Priest in El Salvador's Popular Movement

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 76-101
Author(s):  
PETER M. SANCHEZ
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Liberation Theology ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Parish Priest ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
Resource Mobilisation ◽  
The Church

AbstractThis paper examines the actions of one Salvadorean priest – Padre David Rodríguez – in one parish – Tecoluca – to underscore the importance of religious leadership in the rise of El Salvador's contentious political movement that began in the early 1970s, when the guerrilla organisations were only just beginning to develop. Catholic leaders became engaged in promoting contentious politics, however, only after the Church had experienced an ideological conversion, commonly referred to as liberation theology. A focus on one priest, in one parish, allows for generalisation, since scores of priests, nuns and lay workers in El Salvador followed the same injustice frame and tactics that generated extensive political mobilisation throughout the country. While structural conditions, collective action and resource mobilisation are undoubtedly necessary, the case of religious leaders in El Salvador suggests that ideas and leadership are of vital importance for the rise of contentious politics at a particular historical moment.

Analytical Electron Microscopy of Surface-Modified Ceramics

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 276-279
Author(s):  
P. S. Sklad
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Solute Concentration ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Implantation Techniques ◽  
Lattice Damage ◽  
Surface Modified

Over the past several years, it has become increasingly evident that materials for proposed advanced energy systems will be required to operate at high temperatures and in aggressive environments. These constraints make structural ceramics attractive materials for these systems. However it is well known that the condition of the specimen surface of ceramic materials is often critical in controlling properties such as fracture toughness, oxidation resistance, and wear resistance. Ion implantation techniques offer the potential of overcoming some of the surface related limitations.While the effects of implantation on surface sensitive properties may be measured indpendently, it is important to understand the microstructural evolution leading to these changes. Analytical electron microscopy provides a useful tool for characterizing the microstructures produced in terms of solute concentration profiles, second phase formation, lattice damage, crystallinity of the implanted layer, and annealing behavior. Such analyses allow correlations to be made with theoretical models, property measurements, and results of complimentary techniques.

On the Relationship Between General Auditory Sensitivity and Speech Perception: An Examination of Pitch and Lexical Tone Perception in 4- to 6-Year-Old Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-498
Author(s):  
Puisan Wong ◽  
Man Wai Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Auditory Sensitivity ◽  
Pitch Discrimination ◽  
Lexical Tone ◽  
Perceptual Training ◽  
Lexical Tones ◽  
Tone Perception ◽  
Tone Discrimination

Purpose Theoretical models and substantial research have proposed that general auditory sensitivity is a developmental foundation for speech perception and language acquisition. Nonetheless, controversies exist about the effectiveness of general auditory training in improving speech and language skills. This research investigated the relationships among general auditory sensitivity, phonemic speech perception, and word-level speech perception via the examination of pitch and lexical tone perception in children. Method Forty-eight typically developing 4- to 6-year-old Cantonese-speaking children were tested on the discrimination of the pitch patterns of lexical tones in synthetic stimuli, discrimination of naturally produced lexical tones, and identification of lexical tone in familiar words. Results The findings revealed that accurate lexical tone discrimination and identification did not necessarily entail the accurate discrimination of nonlinguistic stimuli that followed the pitch levels and pitch shapes of lexical tones. Although pitch discrimination and tone discrimination abilities were strongly correlated, accuracy in pitch discrimination was lower than that in tone discrimination, and nonspeech pitch discrimination ability did not precede linguistic tone discrimination in the developmental trajectory. Conclusions Contradicting the theoretical models, the findings of this study suggest that general auditory sensitivity and speech perception may not be causally or hierarchically related. The finding that accuracy in pitch discrimination is lower than that in tone discrimination suggests that comparable nonlinguistic auditory perceptual ability may not be necessary for accurate speech perception and language learning. The results cast doubt on the use of nonlinguistic auditory perceptual training to improve children's speech, language, and literacy abilities.

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