Review of On the psychology of women: A survey of empirical studies and Psychology of women: A study of bio-cultural conflicts.

1972 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-895
Author(s):  
Helen Wortis
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
Psychology Of Women

Umkämpftes Recht

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Christoph Suntrup
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
Cultural Science ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Civil Order ◽  
Concept Of Law

According to one of the great narratives of political and legal thinking, law is a peace order that eliminates conflicts or even counters chaos and violence by way of the implementation formations of civil order. Nevertheless, law is not only the scene of numerous social and political struggles and legal conflicts, but sometimes provokes new conflicts through its procedures, norms and categories. The focus of this study is the analysis of cultural conflicts, which - not least due to the dynamics of globalization, Europeanization and migration – are at play inside the law or are ignited by it. The cultural science perspective adopted here is based on the explication of a multi-dimensional concept of law that encompasses norms, validity narratives, forms of organization, epistemic prerequisites and effects as well as symbols and rituals of law. This conceptualization is intended to prevent the assumption that 'law' is a uniform object, since it proves to be plural, controversial and dynamic in terms of its content as well as its form. The supplementation of the theoretical-conceptual development of such a concept of law by empirical studies of various legal-pluralistic constellations and struggles brings to light politically charged as well as subliminal cultural conflicts.

Voice, Play, and a Practice of Ordinary Courage in Girls' and Women's Lives

1993 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Relational Practice ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Psychology Of Women ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
The Voice

In this article, Annie Rogers explores the etymology of courage, and links the "ordinary courage" of eight- to twelve-year-old girls with an old meaning of the word: "to speak one's mind by telling all one's heart." She then observes how this ordinary courage is lost as many girls reach early adolescence. Her observation is embedded in a newly emerging psychology of women based on empirical studies of girls, which have documented a striking loss of voice, of resiliency, and of self-confidence in girls as they enter early adolescence. These studies have identified this as a time of particular vulnerability and risk in young women's psychological development, as it becomes increasingly dangerous for them to speak their minds truthfully within the context of cultural conspiracies to silence women's knowledge. In order to capture the girls' inner life of feeling, Rogers introduces a "poetics of research," a particular discourse grounded in feminist epistemology and methodology, as well as the voice-centered,relational practice of research she has helped to create.

Multiculturalist policies in an age of immigration: Do multiculturalist policies influence negative immigrant attitudes toward homosexuality?

Ethnicities ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Kwon ◽  
Elizabeth Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
Muslim Immigrants ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Sociocultural Integration ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, we provide an empirical analysis of the relationship between multiculturalist policies and immigrant attitudes toward homosexuality. Normative discourses implicate multiculturalism as a key obstacle to the sociocultural integration between immigrants and natives within affluent democracies. At the core of this controversial debate are differences over the extent to which multiculturalism impedes or promotes the adoption of sexual norms from host societies to immigrants. However, a dearth of empirical studies has allowed political actors to levy broad, but largely speculative, claims that multiculturalist policies aggravate cultural conflicts between incoming immigrants and the values of host societies. We begin to address this issue by examining whether immigrants’ attitudes toward homosexuality vary in any direction across multicultural contexts. We find no evidence that multicultural policies exacerbate negative attitudes toward homosexuality, or facilitate the greater acceptance of sociocultural norms surrounding homosexuality for immigrants and Muslim immigrants. The findings are consistent across alternative measures of multiculturalism and two large cross-national samples: The European Social Survey and the World Values Survey. Interestingly, we find some support that multiculturalist policies may be correlated with greater acceptance of homosexuality among natives rather than immigrant respondents. However, further research is necessary to develop and unpack this potential relationship.

On the Psychology of Women: A Survey of Empirical Studies

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Constance C. Ard ◽  
Julia A. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Psychology Of Women

An empirical review of gambling expansion and gambling-related harm

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debi A. LaPlante ◽  
Heather M. Gray ◽  
Pat M. Williams ◽  
Sarah E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Empirical Comparison ◽  
Related Harm

Abstract. Aims: To discuss and review the latest research related to gambling expansion. Method: We completed a literature review and empirical comparison of peer reviewed findings related to gambling expansion and subsequent gambling-related changes among the population. Results: Although gambling expansion is associated with changes in gambling and gambling-related problems, empirical studies suggest that these effects are mixed and the available literature is limited. For example, the peer review literature suggests that most post-expansion gambling outcomes (i. e., 22 of 34 possible expansion outcomes; 64.7 %) indicate no observable change or a decrease in gambling outcomes, and a minority (i. e., 12 of 34 possible expansion outcomes; 35.3 %) indicate an increase in gambling outcomes. Conclusions: Empirical data related to gambling expansion suggests that its effects are more complex than frequently considered; however, evidence-based intervention might help prepare jurisdictions to deal with potential consequences. Jurisdictions can develop and evaluate responsible gambling programs to try to mitigate the impacts of expanded gambling.

Investigating the Multimodal Nature of Human Communication

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Paulmann ◽  
Sarah Jessen ◽  
Sonja A. Kotz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Channel Condition ◽  
Prosodic Cues ◽  
Early Processing ◽  
Related Potentials

The multimodal nature of human communication has been well established. Yet few empirical studies have systematically examined the widely held belief that this form of perception is facilitated in comparison to unimodal or bimodal perception. In the current experiment we first explored the processing of unimodally presented facial expressions. Furthermore, auditory (prosodic and/or lexical-semantic) information was presented together with the visual information to investigate the processing of bimodal (facial and prosodic cues) and multimodal (facial, lexic, and prosodic cues) human communication. Participants engaged in an identity identification task, while event-related potentials (ERPs) were being recorded to examine early processing mechanisms as reflected in the P200 and N300 component. While the former component has repeatedly been linked to physical property stimulus processing, the latter has been linked to more evaluative “meaning-related” processing. A direct relationship between P200 and N300 amplitude and the number of information channels present was found. The multimodal-channel condition elicited the smallest amplitude in the P200 and N300 components, followed by an increased amplitude in each component for the bimodal-channel condition. The largest amplitude was observed for the unimodal condition. These data suggest that multimodal information induces clear facilitation in comparison to unimodal or bimodal information. The advantage of multimodal perception as reflected in the P200 and N300 components may thus reflect one of the mechanisms allowing for fast and accurate information processing in human communication.

Handwriting Analysis and Personality Assessment

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Greasley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Handwriting Analysis ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Personnel Recruitment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Better Than

It has been estimated that graphology is used by over 80% of European companies as part of their personnel recruitment process. And yet, after over three decades of research into the validity of graphology as a means of assessing personality, we are left with a legacy of equivocal results. For every experiment that has provided evidence to show that graphologists are able to identify personality traits from features of handwriting, there are just as many to show that, under rigorously controlled conditions, graphologists perform no better than chance expectations. In light of this confusion, this paper takes a different approach to the subject by focusing on the rationale and modus operandi of graphology. When we take a closer look at the academic literature, we note that there is no discussion of the actual rules by which graphologists make their assessments of personality from handwriting samples. Examination of these rules reveals a practice founded upon analogy, symbolism, and metaphor in the absence of empirical studies that have established the associations between particular features of handwriting and personality traits proposed by graphologists. These rules guide both popular graphology and that practiced by professional graphologists in personnel selection.

Parenting and Adolescents’ Sexual Development in Western Societies

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanneke de Graaf ◽  
Ine Vanwesenbeeck ◽  
Liesbeth Woertman ◽  
Wim Meeus
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Psychosexual Development ◽  
First Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Parenting Influences ◽  
Reciprocal Associations

This review examines associations between parenting styles and the psychosexual development of adolescents. Methods and results of empirical studies of associations between parental support, control, and knowledge and the sexual behavior and sexual health of adolescents are described and evaluated. The results show that, in general, higher scores on support, control, and knowledge relate to a delay of first sexual intercourse, safer sexual practices, and higher sexual competence. Despite the vast amount of literature on this subject, the majority of these studies focus on single dimensions of parenting and unidirectional parenting influences. This review generates hypotheses regarding interactions of different parenting styles and reciprocal associations between parents and their children. There is a need for more dynamic, dialectical studies of parenting, and children’s sexual development.

Delay Discounting in Impulsive Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Moreira ◽  
Fernando Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Future

Abstract. Delay discounting (DD) is the process of devaluing results that happen in the future. With this review, we intend to identify specificities in the processes of DD in impulsive behavior. Studies were retrieved from multiple literature databases, through rigorous criteria (we included systematic reviews and empirical studies with adult human subjects), following the procedures of the Cochrane Collaboration initiative. Of the 174 documents obtained, 19 were considered eligible for inclusion and were retained for in-depth analysis. In addition, 13 studies from the manual search were included. Thus, a total of 32 studies were selected for review. The objectives/hypotheses, results, and the main conclusion(s) were extracted from each study. Results show that people with pronounced traits of impulsivity discount rewards more markedly, that is, they prefer immediate rewards, though of less value, or postponed losses, even though they worsen in the future. Taken together, the existing data suggest the importance of inserting DD as a tool for initial assessment in conjunction with measures of addiction and stress level, as well as the consideration of new therapies.

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