Behavioral effects of early rearing conditions and neonatal lesions of the visual cortex in kittens.

1981 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 848-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Cornwell ◽  
William Overman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Neonatal Lesions ◽  
Early Rearing

scholarly journals The Development of Active Binocular Vision under Normal and Alternate Rearing Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Klimmasch ◽  
Johann Schneider ◽  
Alexander Lelais ◽  
Bertram E. Shi ◽  
Jochen Triesch
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Orientation Tuning ◽  
Active Perception ◽  
Efficient Coding ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Active Binocular Vision ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Visual Cortical

AbstractThe development of binocular vision is an active learning process comprising the development of disparity tuned neurons in visual cortex and the establishment of precise vergence control of the eyes. We present a computational model for the learning and self-calibration of active binocular vision based on the Active Efficient Coding framework, an extension of classic efficient coding ideas to active perception. Under normal rearing conditions, the model develops disparity tuned neurons and precise vergence control, allowing it to correctly interpret random dot stereogramms. Under altered rearing conditions modeled after neurophysiological experiments, the model qualitatively reproduces key experimental findings on changes in binocularity and disparity tuning. Furthermore, the model makes testable predictions regarding how altered rearing conditions impede the learning of precise vergence control. Finally, the model predicts a surprising new effect that impaired vergence control affects the statistics of orientation tuning in visual cortical neurons.

Response of adolescent bonnet macaques to an acute fear stimulus as a function of early rearing conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard A. Rosenblum ◽  
Caroline Forger ◽  
Siobh�n Noland ◽  
Ronald C. Trost ◽  
Jeremy D. Coplan
Keyword(s):  
Bonnet Macaques ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Fear Stimulus ◽  
Early Rearing

Neurotrophic and behavioral effects of occipital cortex transplants in newborn rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Cortical Area ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Cortical Lesion ◽  
Area 17 ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Opposite Hemisphere ◽  
Cortical Areas

AbstractCell suspensions of embryonic occipital cortex were transplanted into newborn rats with large unilateral visual cortex lesions. When the animals were adults, they were tested on a difficult visual discrimination, and subsequently their brains were analyzed for possible neurotrophic effects of the transplants on nonvisual cortical areas which normally form connections with the occipital cortex. Behaviorally, animals with lesions and transplants learn to discriminate between columns and rows of squares at a rate which is identical to normal rats while animals with lesions and no transplants are impaired. Volume and cell-density measures show that the transplants also rescue neurons in cortical area 8 that would normally degenerate following the cortical lesion. No such neurotrophic effect of the transplants is found in cortical area 24 or area 17 contralateral to the lesion. In rats with lesions and no transplants, there is a significant correlation between the amount of area 8 remaining after the lesion and trials to criterion on the columns-rows discrimination, a relationship that does not exist in transplant animals because of their normal learning curve and the consistent sparing of area 8. Injections of HRP into the visual cortex contralateral to the lesion result in variable numbers of labeled cells within the transplant. However, there is no consistent relationship between the number of transplant cells which project to the opposite hemisphere and learning of the discrimination. It is suggested that the learning deficit following the lesion is largely attentional and that the sparing of cortical area 8 (which in rats may include the analog of the frontal eye fields present in the primate cortex) contributes to the sparing of function.

Learning strategy is influenced by trait anxiety and early rearing conditions in prepubertal male, but not prepubertal female rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin M. Grissom ◽  
Wayne R. Hawley ◽  
Sarah S. Bromley-Dulfano ◽  
Sarah E. Marino ◽  
Nicholas G. Stathopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Early Rearing

Early Rearing Conditions Affect the Development of Body Size and Song in Bengalese Finches

Ethology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1071-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayo Soma ◽  
Miki Takahasi ◽  
Maki Ikebuchi ◽  
Hiroko Yamada ◽  
Madoka Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Early Rearing
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