Effect of a secondary reinforcer on consummatory behavior.

1953 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Calvin ◽  
Elizabeth Ann Bicknell ◽  
David S. Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Consummatory Behavior ◽  
Secondary Reinforcer

scholarly journals Two failures to demonstrate superiority of a generalized secondary reinforcer

1966 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 321-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Myers ◽  
Milton A. Trapold
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Reinforcer

Gnawing is the preferred consummatory behavior initially induced by tail pinch

Appetite ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen S. Levine ◽  
John E. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Consummatory Behavior ◽  
Tail Pinch

Alterations in consummatory behavior following intracisternal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Breese ◽  
Ronald D. Smith ◽  
Barrett R. Cooper ◽  
Lester D. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Consummatory Behavior ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

scholarly journals μ-Opioid modulation in the rostral solitary nucleus and reticular formation alters taste reactivity: evidence for a suppressive effect on consummatory behavior

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (3) ◽  
pp. R690-R700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole R. Kinzeler ◽  
Susan P. Travers
Keyword(s):  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
Endogenous Opioids ◽  
Facilitatory Effect ◽  
Consummatory Behavior ◽  
Taste Reactivity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ventral Border

The neural control of feeding involves many neuromodulators, including the endogenous opioids that bind μ-opioid receptors (MORs). Injections of the MOR agonist, Damgo, into limbic and hypothalamic forebrain sites increase intake, particularly of palatable foods. Indeed, forebrain Damgo injections increase sucrose-elicited licking but reduce aversive responding (gaping) to quinine, suggesting that MOR activation may enhance taste palatability. A μ-opioid influence on taste reactivity has not been assessed in the brain stem. However, MORs are present in the first-order taste relay, the rostral nucleus of the solitary tract (rNST), and in the immediately subjacent reticular formation (RF), a region known to be essential for consummatory responses. Thus, to evaluate the consequences of rNST/dorsal RF Damgo in this region, we implanted rats with intraoral cannulas, electromyographic electrodes, and brain cannulas aimed at the ventral border of the rNST. Licking and gaping elicited with sucrose, water, and quinine were assessed before and after intramedullary Damgo and saline infusions. Damgo slowed the rate, increased the amplitude, and decreased the size of fluid-induced lick and gape bouts. In addition, the neutral stimulus water, which typically elicits licks, began to evoke gapes. Thus, the current results demonstrate that μ-opioid activation in the rNST/dorsal RF exerts complex effects on oromotor responding that contrast with forebrain effects and are more indicative of a suppressive, rather than a facilitatory effect on ingestion.

Effect of peptide histidine isoleucine on consummatory behavior in rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (6) ◽  
pp. R1445-R1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel K. Olszewski ◽  
Michelle M. Wirth ◽  
Timothy J. Shaw ◽  
Martha K. Grace ◽  
Allen S. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
Consummatory Behavior ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Potent Effect ◽  
Double Immunohistochemistry

Peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) and VIP are derived from the same precursor. While central VIP decreases food intake, potential effects of PHI on feeding have not been studied. In the current study, we found that PHI administered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) or into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) or central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) decreased food consumption in overnight-deprived rats. The magnitude of an anorexigenic response to PHI differed depending on the injection route: ICV-infused peptide evoked the most potent effect. We determined that that only PVN- and CeA-injected PHI did not have aversive consequences. In addition, we infused anorexigenic doses of PHI via the same routes and assessed Fos immunoreactivity of PVN oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) neurons using double immunohistochemistry. OT and VP are thought to promote feeding termination. PHI increased the percentage of Fos-positive OT neurons regardless of the injection route. PVN- and ICV-infused PHI induced activation of VP cells. We conclude that central PHI has an inhibitory influence on food intake in rats. The PVN, with OT and VP neurons, and CeA may be involved in the mediation of anorexigenic effects of PHI.

scholarly journals Closing the loop on impulsivity via nucleus accumbens delta-band activity in mice and man

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemmings Wu ◽  
Kai J. Miller ◽  
Zack Blumenfeld ◽  
Nolan R. Williams ◽  
Vinod K. Ravikumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Consummatory Behavior ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Neural Signals ◽  
Reward Anticipation ◽  
Delta Band ◽  
Closing The Loop ◽  
Band Activity

Reward hypersensitization is a common feature of neuropsychiatric disorders, manifesting as impulsivity for anticipated incentives. Temporally specific changes in activity within the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which occur during anticipatory periods preceding consummatory behavior, represent a critical opportunity for intervention. However, no available therapy is capable of automatically sensing and therapeutically responding to this vulnerable moment in time when anticipation-related neural signals may be present. To identify translatable biomarkers for an off-the-shelf responsive neurostimulation system, we record local field potentials from the NAc of mice and a human anticipating conventional rewards. We find increased power in 1- to 4-Hz oscillations predominate during reward anticipation, which can effectively trigger neurostimulation that reduces consummatory behavior in mice sensitized to highly palatable food. Similar oscillations are present in human NAc during reward anticipation, highlighting the translational potential of our findings in the development of a treatment for a major unmet need.

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