The art and technology which deals with the adjustment problems of human beings.

1939 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Teagarden
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Mustafa Mustafa

It can be said if the adult has the perfect physical growth and reached the psychological maturity to be able to live and contribute together other adults. In American culture, a child is considered not achieve adult status if he has not reached the age of 21 years. Meanwhile in Indonesian culture, a person is considered officially reached adult status if already married, even though he has not yet reached 21 years. psychologists set around the age of 20 years as early adulthood and lasts until around the age of 40-45 years. Adulthood can be said to be the longest period in the life span. During this long period, physical and psychological changes occur at times that can be foreseen that pose adjustment problems, pressures, and expectations. In the teachings of Islam, that the need for religion because man as a creature of God is equipped with a variety of potential (nature) inborn. One such character is the tendency toward religion. One of this nature, that humans accept God as God, in other words, human beings have a tendency is on the origin of religion, because religion is part of his nature. Religious for adults is already a way of living and not just bandwagon. Stability in view of religious life and religious behavior a person, not no longer on the static stability, dynamic stability but, where at one point he knows well the changes. The change occurred because the process of consideration of the mind, knowledge, and perhaps because of the existing conditions.


1954 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Scholer ◽  
Charles F. Code

1949 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 970-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. McMahon ◽  
Charles F. Code ◽  
Willtam G. Saver ◽  
J. Arnold Bargen
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Charles A. Doan ◽  
Ronaldo Vigo

Abstract. Several empirical investigations have explored whether observers prefer to sort sets of multidimensional stimuli into groups by employing one-dimensional or family-resemblance strategies. Although one-dimensional sorting strategies have been the prevalent finding for these unsupervised classification paradigms, several researchers have provided evidence that the choice of strategy may depend on the particular demands of the task. To account for this disparity, we propose that observers extract relational patterns from stimulus sets that facilitate the development of optimal classification strategies for relegating category membership. We conducted a novel constrained categorization experiment to empirically test this hypothesis by instructing participants to either add or remove objects from presented categorical stimuli. We employed generalized representational information theory (GRIT; Vigo, 2011b , 2013a , 2014 ) and its associated formal models to predict and explain how human beings chose to modify these categorical stimuli. Additionally, we compared model performance to predictions made by a leading prototypicality measure in the literature.


2015 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Schweinfurth ◽  
Undine E. Lang

Abstract. In the development of new psychiatric drugs and the exploration of their efficacy, behavioral testing in mice has always shown to be an inevitable procedure. By studying the behavior of mice, diverse pathophysiological processes leading to depression, anxiety, and sickness behavior have been revealed. Moreover, laboratory research in animals increased at least the knowledge about the involvement of a multitude of genes in anxiety and depression. However, multiple new possibilities to study human behavior have been developed recently and improved and enable a direct acquisition of human epigenetic, imaging, and neurotransmission data on psychiatric pathologies. In human beings, the high influence of environmental and resilience factors gained scientific importance during the last years as the search for key genes in the development of affective and anxiety disorders has not been successful. However, environmental influences in human beings themselves might be better understood and controllable than in mice, where environmental influences might be as complex and subtle. The increasing possibilities in clinical research and the knowledge about the complexity of environmental influences and interferences in animal trials, which had been underestimated yet, question more and more to what extent findings from laboratory animal research translate to human conditions. However, new developments in behavioral testing of mice involve the animals’ welfare and show that housing conditions of laboratory mice can be markedly improved without affecting the standardization of results.


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