The neural basis of innate behavior. I. Effects of cortical lesions upon the maternal behavior pattern in the rat.

1937 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank A. Beach
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Innate Behavior

Effects of Median Cortex Lesions on the Maternal Behavior of the Rat

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Wilsoncroft
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Continuous Recording ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Air Blast ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Electrolytic Lesions ◽  
Made In

This study explores the relation of cortical lesions to the rat's maternal behavior. Rather precise electrolytic lesions were made in the anterior and posterior cingulate areas of the median cortex. A quantitative measure of maternal behavior was obtained by a continuous recording of the rat's movements about the observation box and her picking up and depositing of pups in response to scattering the litter and directing air and heat blasts onto the litter. Data indicate (1) the lesions were differential in their effect. Only the anterior cingulate lesions produced significant disruptions in the maternal behaviors. (2) The lesions disrupted only certain sequential aspects of the maternal activities. The groups did not differ in their over-all retrieving behavior or in the number of pups they removed from the air blast. However, the anterior cingulate lesioned animals were observed to carry their pups several times around the observation box before depositing them; thus they carried their pups over significantly more floor areas than did the other groups. Further, these animals exhibited other unique behaviors such as repeatedly picking up and dropping the same pup or retrieving their own tails time after time.

Emotional Reactivity to Visual Content as Revealed by ERP Component Clustering

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslaw Wyczesany ◽  
Szczepan J. Grzybowski ◽  
Jan Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In the study, the neural basis of emotional reactivity was investigated. Reactivity was operationalized as the impact of emotional pictures on the self-reported ongoing affective state. It was used to divide the subjects into high- and low-responders groups. Independent sources of brain activity were identified, localized with the DIPFIT method, and clustered across subjects to analyse the visual evoked potentials to affective pictures. Four of the identified clusters revealed effects of reactivity. The earliest two started about 120 ms from the stimulus onset and were located in the occipital lobe and the right temporoparietal junction. Another two with a latency of 200 ms were found in the orbitofrontal and the right dorsolateral cortices. Additionally, differences in pre-stimulus alpha level over the visual cortex were observed between the groups. The attentional modulation of perceptual processes is proposed as an early source of emotional reactivity, which forms an automatic mechanism of affective control. The role of top-down processes in affective appraisal and, finally, the experience of ongoing emotional states is also discussed.

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