Rotary pursuit performance under alternate conditions of distributed and massed practice.

M. Ray Denny; Norman Frisbey; John Weaver

doi:10.1037/h0041724

Rotary Pursuit Performance as a Function of Sex, Sex-Role, and Intertrial Interval

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1988.66.2.443 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 443-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Betsy L. Wisner ◽

John P. Lombardo ◽

John F. Catalano

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Intertrial Interval ◽

Sex Role ◽

Distributed Practice ◽

Massed Practice ◽

Men And Women ◽

Rotary Pursuit ◽

Practice Condition ◽

Performance Time ◽

Better Than

Rotary pursuit performance (time on target) and reminiscence data were collected for 113 androgynous and feminine men and women under massed or distributed practice conditions. On the final (eighth) block of practice men performed better than women under conditions of massed practice; while no sex differences were found under distributed practice conditions. Under distributed practice conditions androgynous women performed better than feminine women. In addition, men performed better over-all than women, and subjects in the distributed practice condition performed better than subjects in the massed practice condition. Reminiscence data indicated that under massed practice feminine women obtained larger scores than did feminine men and androgynous women. For women sex-role as well as practice condition influenced performance and reminiscence.

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Comparison of Inhibition and Consolidation Theories of Spaced Practice Effects

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1988.66.1.219 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 219-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Linda J. Ball ◽

R. B. Payne

Keyword(s):

Psychomotor Performance ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Practice Effects ◽

Performance Decrement ◽

Massed Practice ◽

Rotary Pursuit ◽

Consolidation Theory ◽

Spaced Practice ◽

Inhibition Theory

Inhibition and consolidation theories of spaced practice effects in psychomotor performance were compared in terms of the accuracy with which they were able to forecast the decremental consequences of massed practice following variable amounts of well-spaced practice on a rotary pursuit task. As predicted by inhibition theory, the rate of performance decrement during the massed trials was independent of the amount of previously spaced practice. This was contrary to an implication of consolidation theory, which predicted an inverse relationship between decremental rate and amount of previous practice. These and kindred data, reviewed herein, continue to sustain inhibition theory as the explanation of choice.

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An Experimental Test of Inhibition and Consolidation Theories of Spaced Practice Effects

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1986.63.3.1051 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 1051-1057 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Joan M. Dietrich ◽

R. B. Payne

Keyword(s):

Experimental Test ◽

Intertrial Interval ◽

Practice Effects ◽

Massed Practice ◽

Rotary Pursuit ◽

Consolidation Theory ◽

Spaced Practice ◽

Practice Sequence ◽

Inhibition Theory

The relative merits of inhibition and consolidation theories of spaced-practice effects were examined in terms of the fidelity with which the theories were able to forecast the decremental consequences of massed practice following differentially spaced practice on a rotary pursuit task. In accordance with inhibition theory and contrary to consolidation theory, the longer the intertrial interval during the spaced-practice sequence, the more rapidly performance declined during the massed-practice sequence. Additional evidence supporting inhibition theory and negating consolidation theory was reviewed.

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Bang for Your Buck: A Single-Case Experimental Design Study of Practice Amount and Distribution in Treatment for Childhood Apraxia of Speech

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2019_jslhr-s-18-0212 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (9) ◽

pp. 3160-3182 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Edwin Maas ◽

Christina Gildersleeve-Neumann ◽

Kathy Jakielski ◽

Nicolette Kovacs ◽

Ruth Stoeckel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Case ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Distributed Practice ◽

Single Subject ◽

Single Subject Design ◽

Apraxia Of Speech ◽

Childhood Apraxia Of Speech ◽

Opposite Pattern ◽

Massed Practice ◽

Treatment Conditions

Purpose The aim of this study was to examine 2 aspects of treatment intensity in treatment for childhood apraxia of speech (CAS): practice amount and practice distribution. Method Using an alternating-treatments single-subject design with multiple baselines, we compared high versus low amount of practice, and massed versus distributed practice, in 6 children with CAS. Conditions were manipulated in the context of integral stimulation treatment. Changes in perceptual accuracy, scored by blinded analysts, were quantified with effect sizes. Results Four children showed an advantage for high amount of practice, 1 showed an opposite effect, and 1 showed no condition difference. For distribution, 4 children showed a clear advantage for massed over distributed practice post treatment; 1 showed an opposite pattern, and 1 showed no clear difference. Follow-up revealed a similar pattern. All children demonstrated treatment effects (larger gains for treated than untreated items). Conclusions High practice amount and massed practice were associated with more robust speech motor learning in most children with CAS, compared to low amount and distributed practice, respectively. Variation in effects across children warrants further research to determine factors that predict optimal treatment conditions. Finally, this study adds to the evidence base supporting the efficacy of integral stimulation treatment for CAS. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9630599

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