Effect of monocular and binocular vision, brightness, and apparent size on the sensitivity to apparent movement in depth.

1955 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Apparent Movement ◽  
Apparent Size

scholarly journals I. The Bakerian Lecture.— Contributions to the physiology of vision.— Part the second. On some remarkable, and hitherto unobserved, phenomena of binocular vision (continued)

1852 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Physiology ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Visual Angle ◽  
Apparent Size ◽  
Apparent Magnitude ◽  
The Third

In § 3. of the first part of my “Contributions to the Physiology of Vision,” published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1838, speaking of the stereoscope, I stated, “The pictures will indeed coincide when the sliding pannels are in a variety of different positions, and consequently when viewed under different inclinations of the optic axes; but there is only one position in which the binocular image will be immediately seen single, of its proper magnitude, and without fatigue to the eyes, because in this position only the ordinary relations between the magnitude of the pictures on the retina, the inclination of the optic axes, and the adaptation of the eye to distinct vision at different distances, are preserved. The alteration in the apparent magnitude of the binocular images, when these usual relations are disturbed, will be discussed in another paper of this series, with a variety of remarkable phenomena depending thereon.” In 1833, five years before the publication of the memoir just mentioned, these yet unpublished investigations were announced in the third edition of Herbert Mayo’s “Outlines of Human Physiology” in the following words:—“ Mr. W heatstone has shown, in a paper he is about to publish, that if by artificial means the usual relations which subsist between the degree of inclination of the optic axes and the visual angle which the object subtends on the retina be disturbed, some extraordinary illusions may be produced. Thus, the magnitude of the image remaining constant on the retina, its apparent size may be made to vary with every alteration of the angular inclination of the optic axes.”

Monocular versus Binocular Contrast Thresholds for Movement and Pattern

Perception ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rose
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Apparent Movement ◽  
Monocular Vision ◽  
Pattern Detection ◽  
Pattern Perception ◽  
Sinusoidal Grating ◽  
Movement Detection ◽  
Linear Summation ◽  
Contrast Thresholds

The superiority of binocular vision over monocular vision has been compared for the detection of stationary sinusoidal grating patterns, and for the detection of the apparent movement induced by rapidly phase-reversing such gratings. The thresholds for binocular and monocular pattern perception were in the ratio 1: 2 1/2, as found by previous workers. For apparent movement, however, binocular thresholds were lower than monocular thresholds by a factor of 1 ·9; for every subject tested ( n = 20) the ratio for movement detection was larger than the ratio for pattern detection. The effects of combining inputs from the two eyes cannot be explained solely by linear summation models, but may in some circumstances depend on the nonlinearities of certain types of nerve cell.

Curiosities of Binocular Vision

1913 ◽  
Vol 76 (1964supp) ◽  
pp. 122-123
Author(s):  
Frederic Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Vision
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