Anxiety and expectancy change: The effects of failure and uncertainty.

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Algimantas M. Shimkunas
Keyword(s):  
Expectancy Change

scholarly journals Expectancy change and adolescents' intentions to use marijuana.

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica J. Skenderian ◽  
Jason T. Siegel ◽  
William D. Crano ◽  
Eusebio E. Alvaro ◽  
Andrew Lac
Keyword(s):  
Expectancy Change

Life expectancy change in perturbed communities: Derivation and qualitative analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Dambacher ◽  
Richard Levins ◽  
Philippe A. Rossignol
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Expectancy Change

scholarly journals The Altered Course of Learning: How Alcohol Outcome Expectancies Are Shaped by First Drinking Experiences

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1573-1584
Author(s):  
Hayley Treloar Padovano ◽  
Tim Janssen ◽  
Alexander Sokolovsky ◽  
Kristina M. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Expectancy Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Positive Expectancies ◽  
Drinking Outcomes ◽  
Expectancy Change

According to expectancy theory, outcome expectancies are first formed vicariously (through observing other people) and then through direct experience. This cohort-sequential longitudinal study explored these expectancy origins in 1,023 youths (52% female, ages 10.5–15.5 years at recruitment, M = 12.47 years, SD = 0.95). Discontinuous multilevel growth models described patterns of change in expectancies before and after the first experience of distinct drinking milestones (i.e., first sip, first full drink, first heavy-drinking situation). Youths’ expectations for positive and negative drinking outcomes generally increased and decreased over adolescence, respectively, reflecting general developmental trends. Drinking experiences altered learning trajectories, however, reifying positive expectancies and invalidating negative expectancies at each milestone and altering the course of expectancy change thereafter. For positive outcome expectancies, the influence of direct experience on learning was stronger when drinking milestones were met at an earlier age. Conversely, invalidation of negative expectancies was stronger when the first-drink milestone was met at a later age.

Life Expectancy Change in Perturbed Communities: Derivation and Qualitative Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Tanya Leisc ◽  
Jeffrey M. Dambacher ◽  
Richard Levins ◽  
Philippe A. Rossignol
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Expectancy Change

Systematic desensitization: Expectancy change or counterconditioning?

1969 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Marcia ◽  
Barry M. Rubin ◽  
Jay S. Efran
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Desensitization ◽  
Expectancy Change

Performance, Attribution, and Expectancy Linkages in Personal Selling

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley J. Johnston ◽  
Keysuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Causal Attribution ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Personal Selling ◽  
Sales Force ◽  
Sales Managers ◽  
Performance Attribution ◽  
Expectancy Change

The authors examine the relationships among performance, causal attribution, and the expectancy component of sales force motivation through the measurement and manipulation of components of a proposed conceptual framework. They conducted one field survey, two laboratory experiments, and one field experiment to test hypothesized effects. The results generally support the hypotheses, indicating that causal attributions can either raise or lower expectancy, depending on certain underlying conditions. The results also suggest that salespeople's prior experience may moderate the effect of attribution on expectancy change. These findings have important implications for sales managers as coaches and trainers.

Depression and perception of reinforcement: Lack of differences in expectancy change among alcoholics.

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. O'Leary ◽  
Dennis M. Donovan ◽  
Keith J. Krueger ◽  
Brian Cysewski
Keyword(s):  
Expectancy Change
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