Supplemental Material for A Better Distraction: Exploring the Benefits of Flow During Uncertain Waiting Periods

Emotion ◽  
2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Periods

scholarly journals Too Long to Wait: South Asian Migrants’ Experiences of Accessing Health Services in Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Adhikari ◽  
Sabitra Kaphle ◽  
Yamuna Dhakal ◽  
Sabina Duwadi ◽  
Rajan Subedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Waiting Periods

Abstract Background: Migrants settling in a new country experience multiple complexity to navigate health systems and ways of living. In South Asia, migrating to developed countries for better life opportunities has been the ongoing trend and migration to Australia has significantly increased in recent years. The lower utilisation services and higher risks of chronic diseases among South Asian migrants has been an ongoing challenge for the health system to tackle and little is known why these groups of population do not access services. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing experiences of accessing health services by South Asian migrants in Australia. Methods: Using mixed method design, 62 online surveys and 14 in-depth interviews were conducted with participants from four countries of South Asia - Nepal, India, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka. Participants were recruited using a purposive snowball sampling approach following the standard ethical process. Survey data were analysed descriptively in SPSS to derive relationships between variables. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically. Results: South Asian migrants experienced various complexities while accessing health services in Australia. Experiences of accessing health services highlighted a number of factors; long waiting periods to access public health services, expensive nature of private health services and communication problems due to socio-cultural differences. While these migrants have comparatively better experiences about the services in Australia than in their home country, they have expectations for affordable, timely, respectful, and culturally friendly services. South Asian migrants shared the possibility of making services accessible to them by investing more resources in the health sectors, so they can receive the expected quality of care in public settings. Conclusions: Limited evidence is available to understand the factors leading to lower utilisation of services and higher risks of chronic diseases among South Asian migrants. So, this study highlighted numbers of social, cultural, financial, and institutional factors that are critical to design appropriate health service strategies. This study recommended incorporating a collaborative and culturally competent model of care to increase access to services which can further help to reduce existing disparities in health outcomes among migrant populations.

scholarly journals Patient satisfaction at accredited antiretroviral treatment sites in the Gert Sibande District

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selente Bezuidenhout ◽  
Damilola A. Ogunsanwo ◽  
Elvera A. Helberg
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Related Services ◽  
General Satisfaction ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Waiting Periods

Background: Patient satisfaction has been used as a significant indicator of quality services provided by healthcare personnel. With the largest antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme in the world, the healthcare industry is struggling increasingly with challenges of meeting patients’ requirements and expectations for quality ART service provision. This study was conducted in order to identify the importance of factors contributing to satisfaction or dissatisfaction.Aim: This study sought to explore and describe the general satisfaction or dissatisfaction of patients with accredited ART hospital sites at public health facilities in the Gert Sibande District, Mpumalanga and to identify factors contributing to either satisfaction or dissatisfaction.Setting: Six hospitals that initiated ART in the district, participated in the study.Method: The study was conducted using a sample of 300 patients. Proportional random sampling was used in selecting the number of patients from each facility. A structured interview with each participating patient was conducted using a standardised structured questionnaire. The first available required number of patients that complied with requirements from each of the six hospitals was selected for the interview. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data and data with qualitative aspects were captured and categorised manually.Results: The major factors contributing to satisfaction included the availability of medicines and knowledge regarding how to take medication. Factors contributing to dissatisfaction on the part of the patients included confidentiality issues, long waiting periods, shortage of staff and dirty toilets.Conclusion: This study indicated general satisfaction with the ART-related services at the accredited ART hospital sites in the Gert Sibande District. Regular monitoring and evaluation are recommended.

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

2020 ◽  
pp. 725-740
Author(s):  
August Reinisch
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
Police Powers ◽  
Fair And Equitable Treatment ◽  
Introductory Note ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
State Consent ◽  
Equitable Treatment ◽  
Waiting Periods

This chapter discusses the 2018 jurisprudence of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) tribunals and ad hoc committees, which addressed among others the notion of “investment” under Article 25 ICSID Convention, illegality in the making of an investment, and the jurisdictional or admissibility nature of waiting periods qualifying host state consent to investor-state arbitration. They also dealt with direct and indirect expropriation and broadly affirmed the Methanex/Saluka doctrine. In this respect, arbitral tribunals emphasized their limited power of review, stressing that it was not their task to sit in judgment over difficult political and policy decisions made by states. In regard to fair and equitable treatment, tribunals have emphasised that investors’ due diligence plays a crucial role in measuring the legitimacy and reasonableness of their expectations and that proportionality as well as reasonableness are important considerations when assessing the scope of a state’s police powers. ICSID jurisprudence has also firmly adopted the three-step test developed by NAFTA tribunals in order to determine possible violations of the non-discrimination standard of national treatment: (i) to identify the relevant subjects for comparison; (ii) to consider the treatment each comparator receives; and (iii) to consider any factors that justify any differential treatment. Furthermore, ICSID ad hoc committees continued to apply a very restrictive standard of review under Article 52 ICSID Convention.

scholarly journals Who says waiting is boring? How consumer narratives within online communities help reduce stress while waiting

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-424
Author(s):  
Mahmud Hassan ◽  
Rumman Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Brand Community ◽  
Emotional Pain ◽  
Waiting Period ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Waiting Periods ◽  
To Receive

Purpose Waiting is associated with pain and stress that leads to frustration. However, consumer narratives may help cope with the stress associated with such waiting. This study aims to understand consumer waiting behaviours within online communities. Design/methodology/approach Data was gathered following a netnographic approach from a Facebook brand community (FBC) by downloading and archiving the threads related to members’ waiting behaviours. This resulted in 91 pages of data, with 438 individual comments and 179 distinct threads. Findings The data revealed that members of the sampled FBC exercised waiting behaviour. The authors confirm that waiting for a product is associated with both negative outcomes (frustration, boredom, etc.), but positive ones (create stronger ties with the brand and fellow members, etc.). Members of the FBC exhibited reduced consumer anxiety and stress during the waiting period. Research limitations/implications This study found 13 waiting behaviours within the FBC and supports the idea that new value-creating behaviours are noticed within the context of FBCs. Originality/value This study focuses on waiting within a goods-based context (waiting to be served has been examined predominantly within the service sector). The study explored the behaviours of consumers who use social media to complain about extended waiting periods to receive the product along with other consumer reactions to these waiting crowds to reduce the emotional pain associated with such delays.

scholarly journals A Continuous-Time Random Walk Extension of the Gillis Model

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1431
Author(s):  
Gaia Pozzoli ◽  
Mattia Radice ◽  
Manuele Onofri ◽  
Roberto Artuso
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Continuous Time Random Walk ◽  
Hitting Times ◽  
Occupation Times ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Normal Diffusion ◽  
Heavy Tailed ◽  
The One ◽  
Waiting Periods

We consider a continuous-time random walk which is the generalization, by means of the introduction of waiting periods on sites, of the one-dimensional non-homogeneous random walk with a position-dependent drift known in the mathematical literature as Gillis random walk. This modified stochastic process allows to significantly change local, non-local and transport properties in the presence of heavy-tailed waiting-time distributions lacking the first moment: we provide here exact results concerning hitting times, first-time events, survival probabilities, occupation times, the moments spectrum and the statistics of records. Specifically, normal diffusion gives way to subdiffusion and we are witnessing the breaking of ergodicity. Furthermore we also test our theoretical predictions with numerical simulations.

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