The reproductive priming effect revisited: Mate poaching, mate copying, or both?

Conclusion

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.013.49 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Gregory L. Carter ◽

Maryanne L. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Operational Sex Ratio ◽

Future Research ◽

Female Competition ◽

Mate Poaching ◽

Attitudes And Behaviors ◽

Theoretical Perspectives ◽

Wide Range ◽

Mate Copying

This handbook has presented a wide range of theoretical perspectives on the motivations, attitudes, and behaviors involved in female competition. Using a metatheoretical framework, the contributors have examined how, when, and why women compete. This conclusion articulates the book’s main themes, beginning with evidence regarding women as active, competitive individuals and the value of mating information, addressing topics such as women’s competitive choices regarding mate copying, mate poaching, and mate retention. It then considers the role of intrasexual aggression in adolescence in relation to dating and reproduction, the importance of Operational Sex Ratio (OSR) to female competition, the concept of cooperative mothering or allomothering, and infanticide. It also discusses women as competitors in both traditional and novel social arenas as well as the role of women’s physiology in their competitive behaviors. Finally, it suggests directions for future research on topics that warrant further scrutiny.

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Nonconscious Activation of Achievement Goals

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024/1421-0185.68.4.193 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 193-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Stefan Engeser

Keyword(s):

Achievement Goals ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Achievement Goal ◽

Word Class ◽

Achievement Motive ◽

Goal Priming ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Research Questions

In a series of experiments, Bargh, Gollwitzer, Lee-Chai, Barndollar, and Trötschel (2001) documented that achievement goals can be activated outside of awareness and can then operate nonconsciously in order to guide self-regulated behavior effectively. In three experiments (N = 69, N = 71, N = 56), two potential moderators of the achievement goal priming effect were explored. All three experiments showed small but consistent effects of the nonconscious activation of the achievement goal, though word class did not moderate the priming effect. There was no support for the hypothesis that the explicit achievement motive moderates the priming effect. Implications are addressed in the light of other recent studies in this domain and further research questions are outlined.

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The Level of Reaction Time Determines the ERP Correlates of Auditory Negative Priming

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803.20.3.186 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 186-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Susanne Mayr ◽

Michael Niedeggen ◽

Axel Buchner ◽

Guido Orgs

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Negative Priming ◽

Effect Size ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Negative Priming Effect ◽

Episodic Retrieval ◽

Time Level ◽

Fast Reactions ◽

Priming Condition

Responding to a stimulus that had to be ignored previously is usually slowed-down (negative priming effect). This study investigates the reaction time and ERP effects of the negative priming phenomenon in the auditory domain. Thirty participants had to categorize sounds as musical instruments or animal voices. Reaction times were slowed-down in the negative priming condition relative to two control conditions. This effect was stronger for slow reactions (above intraindividual median) than for fast reactions (below intraindividual median). ERP analysis revealed a parietally located negativity of the negative priming condition compared to the control conditions between 550-730 ms poststimulus. This replicates the findings of Mayr, Niedeggen, Buchner, and Pietrowsky (2003) . The ERP correlate was more pronounced for slow trials (above intraindividual median) than for fast trials (below intraindividual median). The dependency of the negative priming effect size on the reaction time level found in the reaction time analysis as well as in the ERP analysis is consistent with both the inhibition as well as the episodic retrieval account of negative priming. A methodological artifact explanation of this effect-size dependency is discussed and discarded.

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Masked Translation Priming Effects With Highly Proficient Simultaneous Bilinguals

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000013 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 98-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

Jon Andoni Duñabeitia ◽

Manuel Perea ◽

Manuel Carreiras

Keyword(s):

Lexical Decision ◽

Hierarchical Model ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Masked Priming ◽

The Other ◽

Memory Organization ◽

Priming Effects ◽

Bilingual Memory ◽

Translation Priming ◽

Masked Translation Priming

One essential issue for models of bilingual memory organization is to what degree the representation from one of the languages is shared with the other language. In this study, we examine whether there is a symmetrical translation priming effect with highly proficient, simultaneous bilinguals. We conducted a masked priming lexical decision experiment with cognate and noncognate translation equivalents. Results showed a significant masked translation priming effect for both cognates and noncognates, with a greater priming effect for cognates. Furthermore, the magnitude of the translation priming was similar in the two directions. Thus, highly fluent bilinguals do develop symmetrical between-language links, as predicted by the Revised Hierarchical model and the BIA+ model. We examine the implications of these results for models of bilingual memory.

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