Recommendation from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for use of quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) in children aged 2-10 years at increased risk for invasive meningococcal disease

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Quadrivalent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine

scholarly journals Declining Incidence of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in South Africa: 2003–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-504
Author(s):  
Susan Meiring ◽  
Cheryl Cohen ◽  
Linda de Gouveia ◽  
Mignon du Plessis ◽  
Ranmini Kularatne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is endemic to South Africa, where vaccine use is negligible. We describe the epidemiology of IMD in South Africa. Methods IMD cases were identified through a national, laboratory-based surveillance program, GERMS-SA, from 2003–2016. Clinical data on outcomes and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) statuses were available from 26 sentinel hospital sites. We conducted space-time analyses to detect clusters of serogroup-specific IMD cases. Results Over 14 years, 5249 IMD cases were identified. The incidence was 0.97 cases per 100 000 persons in 2003, peaked at 1.4 cases per 100 000 persons in 2006, and declined to 0.23 cases per 100 000 persons in 2016. Serogroups were confirmed in 3917 (75%) cases: serogroup A was present in 4.7% of cases, B in 23.3%, C in 9.4%; W in 49.5%; Y in 12.3%, X in 0.3%; Z in 0.1% and 0.4% of cases were non-groupable. We identified 8 serogroup-specific, geo-temporal clusters of disease. Isolate susceptibility was 100% to ceftriaxone, 95% to penicillin, and 99.9% to ciprofloxacin. The in-hospital case-fatality rate was 17% (247/1479). Of those tested, 36% (337/947) of IMD cases were HIV-coinfected. The IMD incidence in HIV-infected persons was higher for all age categories, with an age-adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) of 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2–2.8; P < .001) from 2012–2016. No patients reported previous meningococcal vaccine exposure. Patients with serogroup W were 3 times more likely to present with severe disease than those with serogroup B (aRRR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1–6.3); HIV coinfection was twice as common with W and Y diseases (aRRR W = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.9; aRRR Y = 1.9, 95% CI 1.0–3.4). Conclusions In the absence of significant vaccine use, IMD in South Africa decreased by 76% from 2003–2016. HIV was associated with an increased risk of IMD, especially for serogroup W and Y diseases.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in Germany, 2002–2010, and impact of vaccination with meningococcal C conjugate vaccine

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Hellenbrand ◽  
Johannes Elias ◽  
Ole Wichmann ◽  
Manuel Dehnert ◽  
Matthias Frosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease

scholarly journals Invasive meningococcal disease among university undergraduates: association with universities providing relatively large amounts of catered hall accommodation

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. NEAL ◽  
J. NGUYEN-VAN-TAM ◽  
P. MONK ◽  
S. J. O'BRIEN ◽  
J. STUART ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Structural Risk ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
The Uk ◽  
University Undergraduates ◽  
Health Districts

The incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) among UK university students and non-students of similar age was investigated. In addition, we sought to identify structural risk factors associated with high rates of IMD in individual universities. Cases were ascertained via Consultants in Communicable Disease Control (or equivalent officers) between September 1994 and March 1997. Data on individual universities were obtained from university accommodation officers.University students had an increased annual rate of invasive meningococcal disease (13·2/105, 95% CI 11·2–15·2) compared with non-students of similar age in the same health districts (5·5/105, CI 4·7–6·4) and in those health districts without universities (3·7/105, CI 2·9–4·4). This trend was highly significant. Regression analysis demonstrated catered hall accommodation to be the main structural risk factor. Higher rates of disease were observed at universities providing catered hall places for >10% of their student population (15·3/105, CI 11·8–18·8) compared with those providing places for <10% of students (5·9/105, CI 4·1–7·7). The majority of IMD amongst students was caused by serogroup B organisms.University students in the UK are at increased risk of IMD compared with non-students of a similar age. The incidence of IMD tends to be greatest at universities with a high provision of catered hall accommodation.

Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Africa’s Meningitis Belt: More Than Just Meningitis?

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. S263-S265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather E Reese ◽  
Olivier Ronveaux ◽  
Jason M Mwenda ◽  
Andre Bita ◽  
Adam L Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Case Fatality Ratio ◽  
Meningitis Belt

Abstract Since the progressive introduction of the meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine within Africa’s meningitis belt beginning in 2010, the burden of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (NmA) has substantially decreased. Non-A serogroups C/W/X are now the most prevalent. Surveillance within the belt has historically focused on the clinical syndrome of meningitis, the classic presentation for NmA, and may not adequately capture other presentations of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). The clinical presentation of infection due to serogroups C/W/X includes nonmeningeal IMD, and there is a higher case-fatality ratio associated with these non-A serogroups; however, data on the nonmeningeal IMD burden within the belt are scarce. Expanding surveillance to capture all cases of IMD, in accordance with the World Health Organization’s updated vaccine-preventable disease surveillance standards and in preparation for the anticipated introduction of a multivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine within Africa’s meningitis belt, will enhance meningococcal disease prevention across the belt.

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