Risk Factors of Prolonged Grief Disorder: A Conceptual Framework

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia Milman ◽  
Christopher J. Mackinnon ◽  
Martin Drapeau
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief

scholarly journals Pre-loss personal factors and prolonged grief disorder in bereaved mothers

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 2370-2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Goldstein ◽  
Carter R. Petty ◽  
Sue E. Morris ◽  
Melanie Human ◽  
Hein Odendaal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying characteristics of individuals at greatest risk for prolonged grief disorder (PGD) can improve its detection and elucidate the etiology of the disorder. The Safe Passage Study, a study of women at high risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), prospectively examined the psychosocial functioning of women while monitoring their healthy pregnancies. Mothers whose infants died of SIDS were followed in bereavement.MethodsPre-loss data were collected from 12 000 pregnant mothers and analyzed for their associations with grief symptoms and PGD in 50 mothers whose infants died from SIDS, from 2 to 48 months after their infant's death, focusing on pre-loss risk factors of anxiety, depression, alcohol use, maternal age, the presence of other living children in the home, and previous child loss.ResultsThe presence of any four risk factors significantly predicted PGD for 24 months post-loss (p < 0.003); 2–3 risk factors predicted PGD for 12 months (p = 0.02). PGD rates increased in the second post-loss year, converging in all groups to approximately 40% by 3 years. Pre-loss depressive symptoms were significantly associated with PGD. Higher alcohol intake and older maternal age were consistently positively associated with PGD. Predicted risk scores showed good discrimination between PGD and no PGD 6–24 months after loss (C-statistic = 0.83).ConclusionsA combination of personal risk factors predicted PGD in 2 years of bereavement. There is a convergence of risk groups to high rates at 2–3 years, marked by increased PGD rates in mothers at low risk. The risk factors showed different effects on PGD.

Prolonged Grief Disorder

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Jordan ◽  
B.T. Litz
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief

scholarly journals Long-term prevalence and predictors of prolonged grief disorder amongst bereaved cancer caregivers: A cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel D. Zordan ◽  
Melanie L. Bell ◽  
Melanie Price ◽  
Cheryl Remedios ◽  
Elizabeth Lobb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Anticipatory Grief ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Cancer Caregivers

AbstractContextThe short-term impact of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) following bereavement is well documented. The longer term sequelae of PGD however are poorly understood, possibly unrecognized, and may be incorrectly attributed to other mental health disorders and hence undertreated.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to prospectively evaluate the prevalence of PGD three years post bereavement and to examine the predictors of long-term PGD in a population-based cohort of bereaved cancer caregivers.MethodsA cohort of primary family caregivers of patients admitted to one of three palliative care services in Melbourne, Australia, participated in the study (n= 301). Sociodemographic, mental health, and bereavement-related data were collected from the caregiver upon the patient's admission to palliative care (T1). Further data addressing circumstances around the death and psychological health were collected at six (T2,n= 167), 13 (T3,n= 143), and 37 months (T4,n= 85) after bereavement.ResultsAt T4, 5% and 14% of bereaved caregivers met criteria for PGD and subthreshold PGD, respectively. Applying the total PGD score at T4, linear regression analysis found preloss anticipatory grief measured at T1 and self-reported coping measured at T2 were highly statistically significant predictors (bothp< 0.0001) of PGD in the longer term.ConclusionFor almost 20% of caregivers, the symptoms of PGD appear to persist at least three years post bereavement. These findings support the importance of screening caregivers upon the patient's admission to palliative care and at six months after bereavement to ascertain their current mental health. Ideally, caregivers at risk of developing PGD can be identified and treated before PGD becomes entrenched.

scholarly journals Prolonged Grief Disorder and Depression in a German Community Sample

Death Studies ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Schaal ◽  
Anne Richter ◽  
Thomas Elbert
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief

Disturbo da lutto prolungato. Validazione psicometrica dei criteri proposti per DSM-V e ICD-11

PSICOBIETTIVO ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 91-118
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Dsm Iv

Contesto: Il lutto č un'esperienza universale e la sua associazione con morbilitŕ e mortalitŕ in eccesso č ben definita. Tuttavia, il lutto diventa una seria preoccupazione per la salute in una minoranza di casi. Per tali individui l'intenso cordoglio persiste, č doloroso e invalidante e puň soddisfare i criteri di un disturbo mentale distinto. Al momento, il lutto non č riconosciuta come un disturbo mentale nel DSM-IV o nell'ICD-10. L'obiettivo di questo studio č di determinare la validitŕ psicometrica dei criteri del disturbo da lutto prolungato (Prolonged Grief Disorder, PGD) per migliorare la rilevazione e il trattamento potenziale degli individui in lutto a maggiore rischio di dolore persistente e disfunzioni. Metodi e Risultati: Un totale di 291 soggetti in lutto č stato intervistato per tre volte, raggruppato in gruppi da 0-6, 6-12 e 12-24 mesi post-perdita. Le analisi della Item Response Theory (IRT) hanno fornito i sintomi del PGD maggiormente informativi e obiettivi. Le analisi combinatorie hanno individuato l'algoritmo del PGD piů sensibile e specifico che č stato poi testato per valutarne la validitŕ psicometrica. I criteri richiedono reazioni ad una perdita significativa che includa l'esperienza dello struggimento (ad esempio, la sofferenza fisica o emotiva come un risultato del ricongiungimento voluto, ma incompiuto, con il defunto) e almeno cinque dei seguenti nove sintomi sperimentati almeno quotidianamente o in maniera invalidante: sentirsi emotivamente intorpiditi, storditi, o che la vita č priva di senso; vivere sfiduciati; amarezza per la perdita, difficoltŕ ad accettare la perdita; confusione di identitŕ; evitamento della realtŕ della perdita, o difficoltŕ di proseguire con la vita. I sintomi devono essere presenti a livelli sufficientemente alti da almeno sei mesi dalla morte ed essere associati ad una compromissione funzionale. Conclusioni: I criteri fissati per il PGD sembrano in grado di identificare le persone in lutto con un maggiore rischio di dolore e disfunzione permanente. I risultati confermano la validitŕ psicometrica dei criteri del PGD che proponiamo per l'inclusione nel DSM-V e nell'ICD-11.

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