Information processing differences in active versus passive person perception

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley S. Waggoner ◽  
Eliot R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Processing Differences ◽  
Passive Person

Information Processing Differences in Active Versus Passive Person Perceivers

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-215
Author(s):  
Ashley S. Waggoner ◽  
Eliot R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Time Patterns ◽  
Early Information ◽  
Processing Differences ◽  
Passive Person

Previous work has shown that compared to passive perceivers who view preselected information about target persons, active perceivers are less confident in their impressions, do not show increased confidence with increased amounts of information, and like targets less. The authors now explain these findings, postulating that perceivers without control over the amount of information they receive should be motivated to form impressions earlier, altering their information-processing strategies. Study 1 predicted and found that content-only active perceivers who control the content, but not the amount, of information show the same positive relationship between confidence and amount of information as passive perceivers, as well as the same reading-time patterns and level of liking. Study 2 used clearly valenced target stimuli and found support for the hypothesis that passive perceivers form more extreme early impressions, leading to greater liking when early information is positive but less liking when it is negative.

scholarly journals Information-Processing Differences of College-Age Readers Differing in Reading Comprehension and Speed

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan L. Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Word Meanings ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
College Age ◽  
Poor Comprehenders ◽  
Good Comprehenders ◽  
Semantic Decision ◽  
Task Differences ◽  
Processing Differences

The present study examined information-processing differences among four types of readers, specifically high comprehension–high speed, high comprehension–low speed, low comprehension–high speed, and low comprehension–low speed college-age readers. Performance was compared on a variety of information-processing tasks, including letter reordering, word reordering, reading span, verification of real words and nonwords, and verification of real sentences and nonsense sentences. Tasks were categorized as lower order tasks involving reaction time and/or elementary-word tasks, or higher order tasks requiring access of word meanings or semantic decision-making. Results indicated that good comprehenders tended to outperform poor comprehenders on all types of tasks. Although high-and low-speed readers performed differentially on some tasks, the pattern of results is less clear. Performance on tasks was discussed in light of speed and comprehension variables and type of information-processing task. Differences in working memory were proposed as a source of individual differences in reading performance.

Information-Processing Differences and Laterality of Students from Different Colleges and Disciplines

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Monfort ◽  
Samuel A. Martin ◽  
William Frederickson
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Processing Differences
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