Broad-spectrum treatment more effective than motivational-enhancement treatment for alcohol dependent patients

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Motivational Enhancement ◽  
Broad Spectrum Treatment ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Extended naltrexone and broad spectrum treatment or motivational enhancement therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 206 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Longabaugh ◽  
Philip W. Wirtz ◽  
Suzy Bird Gulliver ◽  
Dena Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Motivational Enhancement Therapy ◽  
Motivational Enhancement ◽  
Broad Spectrum Treatment

Effects of Seeding Date and Weed Control on Switchgrass Establishment

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Curran ◽  
Matthew R. Ryan ◽  
Matthew W. Myers ◽  
Paul R. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Central Pennsylvania ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
Broad Spectrum Treatment

We tested the effects of seeding date and weed control during switchgrass establishment in a field experiment that was conducted in central Pennsylvania in 2007 and repeated in 2008. Switchgrass was no-till seeded in early May, late May, and mid-June, and three postemergence weed management treatments were evaluated, including Mow (only a single mowing), Broadleaf (2,4-D + dicamba), and Broad Spectrum (2,4-D + dicamba + atrazine + quinclorac). Switchgrass density increased at later seeding dates, except in 2008, when the middle seeding date had the lowest density. In both years, weed biomass in late summer was lowest in the last seeding date of the Broad Spectrum treatment. In contrast, switchgrass biomass in late summer was greatest in the first seeding date of the Broad Spectrum treatment in both years. In the year after establishment (production year), plots were split to test the effects of supplemental weed control, composed of metsulfuron + 2,4-D applied in May, on total aboveground yield. Supplemental control in the production year increased total aboveground yield in the Mow treatment only, indicating that effective weed control during the establishment year might reduce the need for weed control in the following year. Although maximum aboveground yield was achieved when switchgrass was seeded in May and herbicides were used, results from our experiment suggest that seeding switchgrass at a relatively high seeding rate in June in our study region and mowing annual weeds to reduce competition and prevent seed production could be an effective strategy if minimizing herbicide use is a priority.

Mystical-type experiences occasioned by ketamine mediate its impact on at-risk drinking: Results from a randomized, controlled trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 026988112097087
Author(s):  
Rebecca L Rothberg ◽  
Nour Azhari ◽  
Nancy A Haug ◽  
Elias Dakwar
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Motivational Enhancement Therapy ◽  
Motivational Enhancement ◽  
Psychoactive Effects ◽  
Dissociative States ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Background: Sub-anesthetic ketamine administration may be helpful for substance use disorders. Converging evidence suggests that the efficacy of ketamine for certain conditions may implicate a subset of its psychoactive effects. Aims: The aim of this analysis is to evaluate whether the mystical-type effects of ketamine are critical for clinical efficacy in alcohol-dependent individuals. In this secondary analysis, we determine if a subset of the psychoactive effects of ketamine, the so-called mystical-type experience, mediates the effect of ketamine, when combined with motivational enhancement therapy, on at-risk drinking behavior in alcohol-dependent individuals interested in treatment. Methods: Forty alcohol dependent adults were randomized to either a 52-minute infusion of ketamine or midazolam, which they received on a designated quit-day during the second week of a five-week motivational enhancement therapy regimen. Psychoactive effects were assessed following the infusion, and alcohol use was monitored for the subsequent 3 weeks at each twice-weekly visit. Results: We found that ketamine leads to significantly greater mystical-type effects (by Hood Mysticism Scale) and dissociation (by Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale) compared to the active control. Ketamine also led to significant reduction in at-risk drinking. The Hood Mysticism Scale, but not Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale score, was found to mediate the effect of ketamine on drinking behavior. Conclusions: This trial adds evidence to the literature on the importance of mystical-type experiences in addiction treatment. Future research should continue to investigate the relationship between the psychoactive effects of psychedelic therapeutics and clinical outcomes for other substance use and mental health disorders.

Relapse prevention versus broad spectrum treatment for smoking cessation: A comparison of efficacy

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Emmons ◽  
Seth L. Emont ◽  
R. Lorraine Collins ◽  
Gerdi Weidner
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Broad Spectrum Treatment

The Ketogenic Diet as Broad-Spectrum Treatment for Super-Refractory Pediatric Status Epilepticus

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole H. Cobo ◽  
Raman Sankar ◽  
Kristina K. Murata ◽  
Sarika L. Sewak ◽  
Michele A. Kezele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Broad Spectrum Treatment
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