Combining Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention With Pharmacotherapy Offers No Increased Benefit for Alcohol Dependence

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Anton ◽  
S. S. O'Malley ◽  
D. A. Giraulp ◽  
R. A. Cisler ◽  
D. Couper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention

scholarly journals Changes on the Modulation of the Startle Reflex in Alcohol-Dependent Patients after 12 Weeks of a Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Jurado-Barba ◽  
Gabriel Rubio Valladolid ◽  
Isabel Martínez-Gras ◽  
María José Alvarez-Alonso ◽  
Guillermo Ponce Alfaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Startle Reflex ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Alcohol Cues ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Aims: Little is known about changes in the modulation of the startle reflex when patients go through an alcohol-dependence treatment in an outpatient facility. In the current study, the affective modulation of the cue-related startle reflex has been used to evaluate changes in the emotional processing of alcohol-related stimuli that occurred after a standard cognitive-behavioral intervention, and to assess the outcome of this intervention. We hypothesized a ‘normalization' of the startle inhibition for the alcohol-related cues during the period of treatment. We also assumed that higher startle inhibition at baseline elicited by alcohol cues would predict the relapse on alcohol consumption during treatment. Participants: A total of 98 alcohol-dependent subjects were included who fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence. A control group of 72 subjects was selected to match demographic characteristics. Measurements: All patients received a standard cognitive-behavioral therapy once a week throughout the study period. Findings: Results show that the startle response differed significantly after 12 weeks of treatment for alcohol-related, neutral and aversive stimuli between alcohol-dependent patients and controls. Low startle responses at baseline to alcohol cues predicted relapse. Conclusions: These results may indicate that the startle reflex is referred to enduring and permanent processes of cue reactivity, and that the emotional processing of alcohol-associated cues assessed with the affect-modulated startle reflex is less altered by interventions attempting to influence explicit cognitions. Furthermore, lower values of the baseline startle reflex elicited by alcohol-associated stimuli were associated with higher probability of relapse on alcohol use.

Disulfiram, Naltrexone and Acamprosate in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
H. Alho
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Two Phases

Acamprosate, naltrexone and disulfiram have been shown to reduce drinking and/or improve abstinence. We performed a randomized, multicenter study in two phases; first, 12-week continuous supervised medication, followed by targeted medication up to 52 weeks in addition to a 67-week follow up period. 243 voluntary treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent adult outpatients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive supervised naltrexone, acamprosate or disulfiram, 50 mg, 1998 mg or 200 mg respectively per day and brief manual-based cognitive behavioral intervention. The primary outcome measures were the time to first heavy drinking day (HDD) and time during the first 3 months to the first drinking day after medication started. All three study groups showed marked reduction in drinking from baseline to the end of the study. During the continuous medication phase, treatment with disulfiram was more effective in reducing HDDs and average weekly alcohol consumption, and increasing time to the first drink as well as the number of abstinent days. During the targeted medication period, there were no significant differences between the groups in time to first HDD and days to first drinking, but the abstinence days were significantly more frequent in the DIS group than ACA and NTX. However, naltrexone was better than acamprosate in reducing the severity of alcohol dependence indicator SADD scores. We conclude that acamprosate, naltrexone and disulfiram combined with brief manual-based cognitive behavioral intervention significantly reduce alcohol consumption and improve the quality of life. Supervised disulfiram was superior, especially during the continuous medication period, to naltrexone and acamprosate.

Physical health following a cognitive–behavioral intervention.

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory McClellan Buchanan ◽  
Cara A. Rubenstein Gardenswartz ◽  
Martin E. P. Seligman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention

Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Produces Comparable Reductions in Regimen-Related Distress in Insulin Users and Nonusers—Twelve-Month Results from COMRADE

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 804-P
Author(s):  
KERRY LITTLEWOOD ◽  
SHIVAJIRAO PATIL ◽  
DOYLE M. CUMMINGS ◽  
LESLEY LUTES ◽  
BERTHA HAMBIDGE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention
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