Manual and oral practice in a competitive verbal task

1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard O. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Task ◽  
Oral Practice

Impact of Context Information on Metaphor Elaboration

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 370-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Lerche ◽  
Ursula Christmann ◽  
Andreas Voss
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Verbal Task ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Speed Of Processing ◽  
Good Account ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Decision Settings

Abstract. In experiments by Gibbs, Kushner, and Mills (1991) , sentences were supposedly either authored by poets or by a computer. Gibbs et al. (1991) concluded from their results that the assumed source of the text influences speed of processing, with a higher speed for metaphorical sentences in the Poet condition. However, the dependent variables used (e.g., mean RTs) do not allow clear conclusions regarding processing speed. It is also possible that participants had prior biases before the presentation of the stimuli. We conducted a conceptual replication and applied the diffusion model ( Ratcliff, 1978 ) to disentangle a possible effect on processing speed from a prior bias. Our results are in accordance with the interpretation by Gibbs et al. (1991) : The context information affected processing speed, not a priori decision settings. Additionally, analyses of model fit revealed that the diffusion model provided a good account of the data of this complex verbal task.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Attention in Post-Lexical Processes of Utterance Production: Dual-Task Cost in Younger and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110341
Author(s):  
Maryll Fournet ◽  
Michaela Pernon ◽  
Sabina Catalano Chiuvé ◽  
Ursula Lopez ◽  
Marina Laganaro
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Verbal Task ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Speech Task ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Dual Task Cost ◽  
Lexical Processes ◽  
Fluency Task

There is a general agreement that speaking requires attention at least for conceptual and lexical processes of utterance production. However, conflicting results have been obtained with dual-task paradigms using either repetition tasks or more generally tasks involving limited loading of lexical selection. This study aimed to investigate whether post-lexical processes recruit attentional resources. We used a new dual-task paradigm in a set of experiments where a continuous verbal production task involved either high or low demand on lexical selection processes. Experiment 1 evaluates lexical and post-lexical processes with a semantic verbal fluency task, whereas experiments 2 and 3 focus on post-lexical processes with a non-propositional speech task. In each experiment, two types of non-verbal secondary tasks were used: processing speed (simple manual reaction times) or inhibition (Go/No-go). In Experiment 1, a dual-task cost was observed on the semantic verbal fluency task and each non-verbal task. In Experiment 2, a dual-task cost appeared on the non-verbal tasks but not on the speech task. The same paradigm was used with older adults (Experiment 3), as increased effort in post-lexical processes has been associated with ageing. For older adults, a dual-task cost was also observed on the non-propositional verbal task when speech was produced with the inhibition non-verbal task. The results suggest an attentional cost on post-lexical processes and strategic effects in the resolution of the dual-task.

RETRACTED: Effects of Violent Media on Verbal Task Performance in Gifted and General Cohort Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yakup Çetin ◽  
Jonathan Wai ◽  
Cengiz Altay ◽  
Brad J. Bushman
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Verbal Task ◽  
Violent Media

scholarly journals Children’s first and second-order false-belief reasoning in a verbal and a low-verbal task

Synthese ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 191 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Hollebrandse ◽  
Angeliek van Hout ◽  
Petra Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Verbal Task ◽  
False Belief Reasoning ◽  
Belief Reasoning

Dimensional Thinking in Language Impaired Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith R. Johnston ◽  
Linda B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Verbal Task ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Language Impaired ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
Size Dimension ◽  
Impaired Children

This study investigated the dimensional knowledge evidenced by language impaired (LI) preschoolers. Ten LI and 10 language normal (LN) children, aged 3:6 to 5:9, were asked to solve verbal and nonverbal problems requiring color and size judgments. There were no group differences on the verbal task, but the LI children performed less well than the LN children on the nonverbal task. Much of this difference stemmed from their difficulty with size items. The ordinal nature of the size dimension implies greater cognitive processing demands than are inherent in nominal dimensions such as color. Given the known processing limitations of language impaired children, this complexity apparently can lead to erroneous judgment even when requisite knowledge is present. It may also contribute to delays in the initial construction of dimensional knowledge.

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