Is measured channel capacity limited by the absolute identification paradigm?

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Deffenbacher ◽  
Francis J. Clark ◽  
M. Elizabeth Davis ◽  
Konney J. Larwood
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Absolute Identification ◽  
The Absolute

scholarly journals The effects of age on channel capacity for absolute identification of tonal duration

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 788-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana R. Murphy ◽  
Bruce A. Schneider ◽  
Helen Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Absolute Identification

Tinnitus not a Reference Signal in Judgments of Absolute Pitch

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Stanaway ◽  
Tania Morley ◽  
S. M. Anstis
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Absolute Pitch ◽  
Low Correlation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Ringing In The Ears

An experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that judgments of absolute pitch rely on a sub-liminal tinnitus (ringing in the ears) which is used as a reference tone. In a series of 144 pairs of trials, the subject alternately measured his own tinnitus; and made absolute judgments of pitch by setting a variable tone to match the frequency of a named (target) note. He judged the frequency of the 48 notes spanning the 4 octaves from A flat = 106 Hz to G = 1584 Hz. It was found that his judgments of the pitch of named notes were significantly more accurate (P < 0.01) than had been predicted from the variability of the pitch of his tinnitus. Also, there was only a very low correlation (r = 0.246) between the absolute pitch judgments and the tinnitus settings made on the same trial. This indicates that the hypothesis is false. Nevertheless, it is argued that absolute pitch judgments may not require a channel capacity of more than 3 bits per decision.

Identification of saccharides in anthocyanins and other flavonoids

1961 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
BV Chandler ◽  
KA Harper
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
The Other ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Absolute Identification ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Cyclic Systems ◽  
The Absolute

Procedures have been developed for the determination of the type and location of sugar units present in anthocyanins and other flavonoid glycosides. These procedures are based on standard chemical reactions and have been adapted to a microscale using paper chromatography. Individual flavonoids were found to respond variably to enzymic and chemical hydrolyses, which therefore yield information of limited use only. On the other hand, controlled oxidation has been shown to provide information on the type and position of sugar units attached to the flavonoid nucleus. Degradation using peroxide releases the sugars at the 3-position ; permanganate treatment releases sugars attached to readily ruptured cyclic systems ; and ozonolysis releases sugars attached to phenolic and enolic hydroxyl groups. These three techniques, when used together, can result in the absolute identification of anthocyanins and most other flavonoid glycosides.

scholarly journals Training the absolute identification of pitch

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lola L. Cuddy
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Identification ◽  
The Absolute

A procedure for the absolute identification of anthocyanins: the pigments of blackcurrant fruit

1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
BV Chandler ◽  
KA Harper
Keyword(s):  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Absolute Identification ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigments ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Blackcurrant Fruit

A procedure is outlined for the isolation of pure anthocyanins and their identification without recourse to comparison with reference glycosides. The isolation involves cellulose and polyamide column chromatography and the identification depends on simple but selective oxidative and hydrolytic reactions, adapted to a microscale using paper chromatography. By this method the anthocyanin pigments present in extracts of black currant fruit have been unequivocally identified as cyanidin and delphinidin, their 3-glucosides and 3-rutinosides.

Bulk standards for low-temperature biological x-ray microanalysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
P. Echlin ◽  
M. McKoon ◽  
E.S. Taylor ◽  
C.E. Thomas ◽  
K.L. Maloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Absolute Concentration ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
Electrical Conductors

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.

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